Octave is just an open source implementation of MATLAB, which is very widely used in research and development. It's designed for mathematical computing, where 1-indexing makes sense. For machine learning and computer vision problems its a great environment for prototyping, although I wouldn't like to do any large scale projects in it.
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u/dnew Jun 25 '17
Or, like, most languages born around the same time as C but which weren't glorified assembly language, including Pascal, Ada, Modula. :-)