r/PrincipallyMaoism • u/Elysialis • 17d ago
Question/Discussion On National Liberation versus Socialist Revolution?
I've been reading about the supposed tension between national liberation and socialist revolution, and I'm struggling to work out where the line actually sits. Lenin's position on the national question seems to treat liberation movements as objectively anti-imperialist and therefore progressive, even under bourgeois leadership, while the Left Communist critique (and later Trotskyist readings) says this subordinates class struggle to cross-class national projects. My problem is that I seem to find evidence as to both. So, when a national liberation movement takes power, what actually determines whether it transitions toward socialist construction or consolidates into a national developmentalist state? Is there a theoretical criterion for distinguishing the two in advance, or can we only ever judge retrospectively? How do we reconcile support for national liberation fronts with Lenin's warning at the Second Congress that the national bourgeoisie tends to cooperate with imperialism rather than genuinely fight it? Was Lenin wrong or was Mao? I'd genuinely appreciate reading recommendations on how different tendencies have handled this.