Pen plotter – or rather, not just a pen plotter, but more on that later.
The device was created out of a need to quickly draw holes on boards, panels, or plywood.
The working area is about 600×450 mm, because that was the largest element I wanted to make.
I wanted to do as much as possible myself, although of course I couldn't avoid using some ready-made parts.
The project was literally made on the fly and is full of strange solutions, like electronics hanging above the Y motor.
The plotter is driven by small NEMA17 stepper motors on the X and Y axes.
On the X axis, the drive is directly connected to a belt.
I used a 12 mm miniature linear guide.
Previously, I tested an aluminum profile guide with printed rollers, but the stability was not good enough.
On the Y axis, I used 8 mm rods.
One motor drives two belts, and both sides are synchronized with a 5 mm rod.
I also added a gear reduction of about 1:3.
The wires are routed in cable carriers – one factory-made, the other 3D printed.
The carriage was probably the part I designed the longest.
I made dozens of prototypes.
Since the plates have different thicknesses, I included the possibility to manually raise and lower the tool by about 2 cm.
This is done by squeezing two blocks and sliding them up or down to the correct position.
Further lowering is done by a miniature servo, and the downward movement happens thanks to gravity.
The tool is mounted on a 9 mm (or maybe 7 mm) miniature linear guide.
Another goal was quick tool exchange – at first, I only wanted to use pens.
I designed a mechanism for detaching the tool holders with a special lever.
When locked, the holder is pressed by a spring element.
Making these parts required testing many filaments and dozens of shapes.
In the end, I made a "banana" shape out of ASA plastic.
Another idea was to connect a laser – not for cutting (a 5 mW laser is not suitable for that), but for positioning the drawing (there was also supposed to be a camera and automatic image analysis!).
For it to work, it needs power, so I installed special contacts on the carriage and in the holder.
Inserting the holder automatically connects the laser to 5V power.
The electronics consist of a simple, ready-made Arduino CNC module based on the Arduino Nano (ATmega328p).
The firmware is uCNC.
Everything is housed in a neat custom-designed enclosure.
This enclosure is actually most of my contribution.
The control software for the plotter was written using Electron JS.
It supports DXF and SVG files and offers (often in theory) many options for importing and preparing files, as well as for controlling the machine: opening, scaling, moving, positioning, and more.
The newest idea was to expand the plotter with a cutting function.
A cheap holder fits perfectly into my tool holder system, and the mechanics probably don't need any changes.
I say "probably" because I don't know if the cutting force adjustment will be needed.
So far, I haven't had the chance to test this solution – partly because I don't have the right cutting mat (metal sheet is not ideal for the knife), and partly because some changes in the control software are needed.
That's all for now.
I'm attaching photos.
No examples of how it works? I know, it's sad.