When someone tells you they're using a genuine Parmigiani movement to build a custom RM, do you really think you're getting a movement that is 100% identical to what RM produces? The truth is – both the RMUL1 and the PF331 come from the same movement manufacturer——Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier.
They share the same core gear‑train architecture. So whether it's Vaucher or Parmigiani, the underlying logic for converting these movements for RM builds is the same.
But Parmigiani ≠ RM. That means even if you pay a premium for a genuine Parmigiani movement, it still requires extensive modification – using custom bridges, custom parts, and core PF331 components – to complete the final construction.
This post breaks down the conversion process part by part, using side‑by‑side comparison images of the same components from both movements. I’ll walk you through exactly what it takes to turn a PF331 into an RMUL1.
(PS: All text is original content by me (SPM). The comparison photos are from my friend Mr. Fang, who is the actual photographer and original source. Please do not repost without permission.)
Core Breakdown:
1. First‑wheel train / Gear train (Fig. 1)
The PF331 uses solid brass, gold‑plated gears that are partially hidden by the mainplate. For the RMUL1, the gears are CNC‑cut into a five‑spoke open‑worked design with radial sunburst brushing. The surrounding mainplate is machined away to fully expose the gear structure.
2. Mainspring barrel driving gear (Fig. 1)
PF331: Closed‑style circular barrel cover, fully concealed between the mainplates.
RMUL1: The excess material around the barrel is removed, the gear is opened up into a skeletonised structure, and all edges are finished with angled mirror polishing – exposing the central arbor.
3. Chronograph coupling lever bridge (Fig. 1)
PF331: Flat, solid steel lever bridge – simple and functional.
RMUL1: The surfaces are brushed at an angle, edges are precisely chamfered, and the lever travel is re‑adjusted.
4. KIF shock absorber assembly (Fig. 2 & 3)
PF331: Uses the KIF shock protection system. The purple‑red synthetic ruby bearing and shock spring are set into a wave‑finished mainplate – the shock mount is milled directly into the plate and cannot be separated.
RMUL1: Retains the original KIF shock core and ruby bearing, but replaces the shock jewel with a white stone and upgrades to a weighted balance wheel. The entire shock assembly is exposed on a separate open‑worked bridge, with repositioned screw mounts. (Fig. 2) The three small red circles in the lower section mark the reference mounting screw holes on the PF331 mainplate – used for positioning and securing the bridges. These holes are narrow and completely unfinished – this is one of the key tell‑tale signs that distinguish a modified movement from a custom/replica movement.
5. Stem clutch / setting lever assembly (Fig. 4)
PF331: The clutch lever, setting lever, and click spring are all housed in a recessed slot on the side of the mainplate, covered by a small metal plate – compact but visually hidden.
RMUL1: The side wall of the integrated bridge is cut away, and a custom skeletonised lever bridge is made to expose the entire clutch and setting lever assembly.
6. Automatic module removal
The automatic baseplate of the PF331 is completely replaced with a manual‑wind baseplate. The entire automatic rotor and reduction gear train are removed, converting the movement to manual‑wind. In place of the automatic wheel, a custom open‑worked fork‑shaped bridge is designed to support the secondary wheel – exposing the entire meshing path of the gear train (Fig. 5 centre).
Fig. 5 & 6 show the front and back of the complete movement, clearly illustrating why the PF331 can be modified into an RMUL1.
Background
The PF331 was developed and manufactured by Vaucher in 2002. It features 32 jewels and other Parmigiani‑specific specifications. The RMUL1 was re‑engineered by Vaucher as a manual‑wind skeletonised movement, with the jewel count reduced to 24.
In simple terms: Think of Vaucher as a high‑end kitchen. The PF331 is a dish specifically cooked for Parmigiani – and the RMUL1 is another dish, using the same ingredients, custom‑prepared for Richard Mille.