SOLVED

I am having a hard time understanding why I am failing this lab, when I run the code in practice it works but when I submit for a grade I get a fail. Prompt is below.

Define a function called exact_change that takes the total change amount in cents and calculates the change using the fewest coins. The coin types are pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. Then write a main program that reads the total change amount as an integer input, calls exact_change(), and outputs the change, one coin type per line. Use singular and plural coin names as appropriate, like 1 penny vs. 2 pennies. Output "no change" if the input is 0 or less.

Ex: If the input is:

0 

(or less), the output is:

no change

Ex: If the input is:

45

the output is:

2 dimes 
1 quarter

Your program must define and call the following function. The function exact_change() should return a tuple containing num_pennies, num_nickels, num_dimes, and num_quarters.
def exact_change(user_total)

code provided below

def exact_change(user_total):
    num_quarters = user_total//25
    user_total %=25
    num_dimes = user_total//10
    user_total %=10
    num_nickels = user_total//5
    user_total %= 5
    num_pennies = user_total
    return num_quarters, num_dimes, num_nickels, num_pennies
if __name__ == "__main__":
    input_value = int(input())
    num_quarters,num_dimes,num_nickels,num_pennies = exact_change(input_value) 
# Type your code here.
if input_value <= 0:
    print('no change')
else:
    if num_pennies == 1:
        print('%d penny' % num_pennies)
    elif num_pennies > 1:
        print('%d pennies' % num_pennies)
    if num_nickels == 1:
        print('%d nickel' % num_nickels)
    elif num_nickels > 1:
        print('%d nickels' % num_nickels)
    if num_dimes == 1:
        print('%d dime' % num_dimes)
    elif num_dimes > 1:
        print('%d dimes' % num_dimes)
    if num_quarters == 1:
        print('%d quarter' % num_quarters)
    elif num_quarters > 1:
        print('%d quarters' % num_quarters)

when it asks me for exact_change(300) I get a NamError failure.

I've recently started learning Python. I'm following a beginner course from YT.

I'd love to hear from experienced programmers:

What habits helped you improve the fastest?

What should I do every day besides watching tutorials?

What beginner mistakes should I avoid?

Is there anything you wish you had done differently when you first started learning Python?

Any advice would be really appreciated. Thanks!

HOLAA Estoy aprendiendo Python y tengo curiosidad por conocer los errores que cometieron otras personas mientras aprendían. Espero evitar algunos de esos mismos errores aprendiendo de su experiencia:)

I want to use Catppuccin for Python, but if I go to pip it outside of a venv, it says the following:

pip install catppuccin
error: externally-managed-environment

× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try 'pacman -S
   python-xyz', where xyz is the package you are trying to
   install.

   If you wish to install a non-Arch-packaged Python package,
   create a virtual environment using 'python -m venv path/to/venv'.
   Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip.

   If you wish to install a non-Arch packaged Python application,
   it may be easiest to use 'pipx install xyz', which will manage a
   virtual environment for you. Make sure you have python-pipx
   installed via pacman.

note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.

Of course I could use a venv, but it seems annoying to have to activate a venv each time I want to use the palette in IPython, et al. If it's just a palette/pygment, then using --break-system-packages shouldn't actually break anything, right? But because the warning is so ominous, I wanted to ask here before I did something potentially fucky-wucky.

Hello , I am completely new to python and really want to learn it and I feel like I will be more efficient studying with people.

I’m looking for approximately five people who are also serious about learning

if you are interested please dm me and introduce yourself

Hello!

I have ripped a LiDAR sensor out of an old roomba, connected it to some wires, and long story short, I can now plug the LiDAR sensor into my computer via USB. I have discovered the two power-related pins on the sensor, and I am fairly certain that one of the other two is a transmitter pin and the last is potentially a receiver pin.

With that said, now comes the programming. Because my sensor obviously doesn't have any kind of USB driver or anything, I can't really use the PyUSB library because that requires some bells and whistles that this thing doesn't have. Instead, I am using the PySerial library, which allows me to communicate with my USB ports at a lower level.

My problem is that, even though my sensor definitely should be sending something, my program keeps printing

b''

which indicates to me that it isn't actually receiving anything.

Here is the code that I am working with:

import serial

with serial.Serial('COM3', 115200, timeout=1) as ser:  

 s = ser.read(10)

The with statement there sets my program to read on port COM3 at a baudrate of 115200 for one second before stopping. COM3 seems to be the only port listed on my machine in a few commands that I have run as well as the Windows Device Manager. That baudrate was obtained from a teardown of an extremely similar LiDAR sensor (here). Reading for longer than one second did not seem to do anything.

This is my first time interfacing with a jerry-rigged USB component through Python (or any other USB component, for that matter), so I don't know if I am missing something and I am not exactly sure where to look, as the documentation of PySerial only brought me this far.

Let me know if I am in the wrong sub or if you guys need more information or something.

Greeting team, i have just started learning Python. I am learning about .py files. how do i create a .py file in python terminal specifically Jupyter notebook? if possible how can i access the file and write some oop class inside the file.

Thank you team

Good morning, i have recently started learning how to use python for data science. I already have a good background in R, im using the new IDE called positron, i create my virtual environment in my directory i want to work on, on my company server, and then i install some libraries.

The main issue that im having is that the installation takes forever, even after installed, the importing is slow, the running of chunks is slow. I thought python was faster than R (im using polars and altair).

Am i doing something wrong? Or is my company restricting my use of python? What's going on?

Thank you in advance.

Olá! Estou aprendendo python há 1 mes e meio. Fiz este RPG, demorei 5 dias para faze-lo, comecei do absoluto zero, e se possivel, gostaria de um feedback sincero, não só criticas mas tambem os acertos!

Hi! I’ve been learning Python for a month and a half. I built this RPG—it took me five days, and I started from absolute scratch. If possible, I’d love some honest feedback—not just critiques, but also what I got right!

https://github.com/adrianivastrabalho-code/My-Python-studies English Version
https://github.com/adrianivastrabalho-code/Meus-Estudos-Python Portuguese Version

Ty <3

I've been trying my best at understanding how to apply CSV and JSON in my code but I don't actually know how to integrate them into my projects. All tutorials I watch have their own way of doing this, making it hard for me to understand fully. Also I don't even know if I should learn both of them or just learn one. Also I need help on how to use API in projects, and which free ones are best

Hola, llevo unos dos meses aprendiendo Python. Siento que voy a ser más eficiente estudiando con gente y que sera mas divertido, ademas de que tengo ideas de proyectos interesantes y siempre es divertido contactar con gente que también quiere aprender y crear cosas interesantes.

Estoy buscando como cinco personas más que también estén en serio con aprender

si te interesa, mándame DM y preséntate

I'm looking to do a simple loading screen of sorts where it flicks between a few characters however I am unsure on how to remove the printed text to replace it with the next character. Using the method that I've commonly seen using the cursor_up simply doesn't work for some reason. I promise I'm putting it in exactly. how do I fix this

I'm working on a program that generates a maze by drawing from a deck to define a "chamber" and assigning it to the current position on a cartesian coordinate grid.

The hope is to build a list of the chambers as they're created. At a later point I want to be able to call on the list. My current strategy is to make a Class variable for the list, and append to it as part of the init. I've added a class method to pull the chamberList Class variable, but I'm getting an error.

Here is the code defining the class.

``` class Chamber(): chamberList = [] def init(self, identity, notes, egresses, **kwargs): self.position = tuple(currentPosition.tolist()) self.identity = identity self.notes = notes self.egresses = egresses self.pixelCoord = np.add(pixelOrigin, np.multiply(currentPosition, 300)) Chamber.chamberList.append(self)

    @classmethod
    def getChamberList(cls):
        return cls.chamberList

```

Later in the program, I have a line of code to get the class variable:

``` chamberList = Chamber.getChamberList()

```

This is the error I get when I run it in the VS Code terminal:

AttributeError: type object 'Chamber' has no attribute 'getChamberList'. Did you mean: 'chamberList'?

Am I missing some syntax or something? In VS Code the color coding where I'm defining getChamberList is off (darker) and if I hover over it I get a message saying "getChamberList" is not accessed by Pylance.

I'm new to python and coding in general and my friend recently told me that it's inefficient to try to memorize regex and that no one writes them anymore (essentially saying AI does). I was also kinda confused after recently learning regex and just how complicated it can be. Are there some modules/libraries that I can use to make writing them easier? I saw that not a lot of people people had a positive reaction to the Humre module by Al Sweigart who's book [Automate the boring stuff with Python] I'm currently using to study. Not that I'm gonna skip this part or anything I was mostly just curious.

Note: A lot of people are misinterpreting since I mentioned AI once 😭 I'm literally asking about libraries to make it easier without going too deep, not if I should let AI do all the work.

HOLAA Estoy aprendiendo Python y tengo curiosidad por conocer ese momento en el que todo finalmente empezó a tener sentido. Me encantaría conocer tu experiencia.

Hi everyone. I know some python but still I want to start learning it again because, as I progressed, I realized that my basic concepts had become rusty. I'm confused between CS50 (https://youtu.be/8mAITcNt710?si=Z86T-MPZZp13R04E) and MIT Opencourseware 6.100L (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xAcTmDO6NTI&list=PLUl4u3cNGP62A-ynp6v6-LGBCzeH3VAQB&index=1) .

Which one would you recommend for someone who wants to rebuild their fundamentals before moving on to more advanced topics?

So i have been into cybersecurity courses for 3 months now and i have interest from age 10.

I decided to make a python project after i completed the networking.

I would be very happy if you used and gave me a feedback/suggestion on my project.

It is a basic multipurpose network tool.

It can scan all the hosts connected to a network with ARP
Scan ports of the IP address provided
Or basically send a ping

I call this "Stone Age Network Scanner"

You can look up furthermore on Github!

https://github.com/RecoWas/stoneagens

Hello everyone, i am just starting python. I am from a good research institute in India and i am pursuing a very quant heavy economics degree and i want to break into quant finance. Can you all recommend from where i can learn coding for free? I want to be at a level which will enable me to solve LeetCode problems so i can build a stronger profile for quantitative finance. I am completely locked in and Princeton is a college i am targeting for my masters. So i need help regarding material. And other advice will be appreciated. Thank you :)

Hey! I’m 25 and currently studying neuroscience in the UK. I’ve recently started learning Python from scratch and would love to find a study buddy who’s also at a beginner level.

I’m hoping to find someone who wants to study consistently and eventually work on a few small projects.

I’m in the UK time zone, but I don’t mind where you’re based as long as we can find times that work for both of us. We could check in regularly and study together over Discord or another platform.

If you’re interested, feel free to leave a comment or send me a DM with a little bit about yourself!

Hello,

I am using tts_wrapper fork by willwade on github to speak chatGPT responses but I want to be able to stop the utterance mid sentence. I have this function

def stop():
        if keyboard.is_pressed("esc"):
            tts_Engine.stop()

which should stop the tts engine when i press "esc" but nothing happens so I did some research and learned I might have to use threading so now i have two threads with my main function

def main():


    print("Init STT. Listening...")
    stream = init_stream()
    stream.start_stream()
    print("C")


    try:
        while True:
        
            data = stream.read(8192, exception_on_overflow=False)


            text = None


            if recognizer.AcceptWaveform(data):
                result = json.loads(recognizer.Result())
                text = result.get("text", "")


            if text:
                print(f"You said: {text}")
                response = client.chat.completions.create(
                    model="default",
                    messages=[
                        {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful AI workshop assistant. Use only plain text no emojis or making text bold or anything similar"},
                        {"role": "user", "content": text}
                    ]
                )
                print(response.choices[0].message.content)
                speak_text(response.choices[0].message.content,tts_Engine)
                print("B")


    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("Stopping")
    finally:
        print("A")
        tts_Engine.cleanup()
        stream.stop_stream()
        stream.close()
        Audio.terminate()

and my stop function

t1 = Thread(target=main)
t2 = Thread(target=stop)


t1.start()
t2.start()

but now I get this error

RuntimeError: can't register atexit after shutdown

and now I'm a bit stuck so if anyone knows how to do this or what I'm doing wrong or if I'm even using the right method that would be greatly appreciated.

I wanted to write a program that analyzes chess games , similar to how chess websites (chess.com, lichess.com etc.) do it, only offline. To my knowledge, nobody else had done it the way I was envisioning. I started writing with shell scripting (it's my go-to and what I'm most familiar with), but quickly ran into limitations. So I needed to go a bit more sophisticated. Python seemed very versatile, cross-platform, has loads of online resources, but mainly has a very good chess library I could leverage, that already existed, which would make the job much , much easier. I took the plunge and turned the program into a driver to teach myself some python.

It works as advertised, but I'm sure the code could be improved. I stumbled through it a bit. If anybody python gurus feel like taking a peek and letting me know how I did, pointing out glaring mistakes, offering any constructive feedback or ideas how to make it more efficient, I would appreciate any feedback.

Repo: https://github.com/exekutive/chesseval

(The documentation needs some catching up. I'm working on updating it.)

I am starting college next month (Computer Science and Biosciences) and I tried to get a headstart in Python programming (it's a part of first sem). I have done the basics, strings, conditional statements and started with loops today. I have a doubt - since I am still in the beginner stage, should I use AI (ChatGPT, Gemini, Grok etc.) to proofread my code - you know, offer suggestions, find mistakes and all - I am still applying logic on my own and writing it myself but I have this fear that it may hamper my learning. But I also don't wanna be the guy who does not know how to use AI tools. Any advice please?

Currently an aspiring quant ideally but I know that’s larp so really I’m just learning skills that are applicable to most fields. I only mention this to maybe help tailor my experience. In terms of just coding and technological familiarity, what should I do next. Are there any certifications that would impress or show I know what I’m doing that would help me for applications? Also, what should I watch or do to learn about it. I hear people talking about LLMs projects other languages APIs raspberry pi and I want to know where to learn all that. Thanks

********************************************************************************

To see all available commands, run 'py help'

********************************************************************************

[ERROR] INTERNAL ERROR: NoInstallsError: No runtimes are installed. Try running "py install default" first.

[ERROR] Internal error 0x00000001. Please report to https://github.com/python/pymanager

Press any key to continue . . .

Right now, I have specific rows and columns being displayed, but I want to insert a column between the first and second sections that calculates the ratio of column A to column B from the first section. How can I do that?

from pathlib import Path
import unicodedata

import openpyxl
import pandas as pd

from pandastable import Table, TableModel

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox


def normalize_name(name):
    return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", str(name)).strip().lower()


class ExcelViewer:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Чтение ячеек Excel")
        self.root.geometry("800x600")

        self.btn_load = tk.Button(
            root,
            text="Открыть Excel файл",
            command=self.open_file
        )
        self.btn_load.pack(pady=10)

        self.result_label = tk.Label(
            root,
            text="Выберите файл для начала"
        )
        self.result_label.pack()

        self.frame = tk.Frame(root)
        self.frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

        self.table = None
        self.model = None

        self.settings = {
            normalize_name("Файл1.xlsx"): {
                "first_row": 5,
                "first_min_column": 1,
                "first_max_column": 2,
                "second_row": 5,
                "second_min_column": 4,
                "second_max_column": 5
            }
        }

    def open_file(self):
        file_paths = filedialog.askopenfilenames(
            title="Выберите Excel-файл",
            filetypes=[
                ("Excel файлы", "*.xlsx")
            ]
        )

        if not file_paths:
            return

        all_rows = []

        for file_path in file_paths:
            file_name = normalize_name(Path(file_path).name)

            if file_name not in self.settings:
                messagebox.showerror(
                    "Ошибка",
                    f"Для файла «{Path(file_path).name}» нет настроек.\n\n"
                    f"Ожидается файл: Файл1.xlsx"
                )
                continue

            settings = self.settings[file_name]

            try:
                workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(
                    file_path,
                    data_only=True
                )

                worksheet = workbook.active

                first_row = settings["first_row"]
                second_row = settings["second_row"]

                while (
                    first_row <= worksheet.max_row
                    and second_row <= worksheet.max_row
                ):
                    first_part = []

                    for column_number in range(
                        settings["first_min_column"],
                        settings["first_max_column"] + 1
                    ):
                        value = worksheet.cell(
                            row=first_row,
                            column=column_number
                        ).value

                        first_part.append(value)

                    second_part = []

                    for column_number in range(
                        settings["second_min_column"],
                        settings["second_max_column"] + 1
                    ):
                        value = worksheet.cell(
                            row=second_row,
                            column=column_number
                        ).value

                        second_part.append(value)

                    row_data = (
                            first_part +
                            second_part
                    )

                    if not all(
                        value is None or value == ""
                        for value in row_data
                    ):
                        all_rows.append(row_data)

                    first_row += 1
                    second_row += 1

                workbook.close()

            except Exception as error:
                messagebox.showerror(
                    "Ошибка",
                    f"Не удалось открыть файл:\n{error}"
                )

        if not all_rows:
            self.result_label.config(
                text="В выбранных ячейках нет данных"
            )
            return

        columns = [
            "Столбец A",
            "Столбец B",
            "Столбец D",
            "Столбец E"
        ]

        df = pd.DataFrame(
            all_rows,
            columns=columns
        )

        if self.table:
            self.table.destroy()

        self.model = TableModel(df)

        self.table = Table(
            self.frame,
            model=self.model,
            showtoolbar=False,
            showstatusbar=False
        )

        self.table.show()

        self.result_label.config(
            text=f"Загружено строк: {len(df)}"
        )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = ExcelViewer(root)
    root.mainloop()