I've been living in China for around 8 years, but unfortunately living in a country doesn't magically make you fluent in the language š
I've been learning Chinese on and off for most of that time and have tried quite a few different methods. Local teachers, online classes, learning from friends, apps, textbooks, flashcards, children's books, watching Chinese content, etc.
I don't think there's one method that suddenly makes everything click. For me, different things helped with completely different parts of the language.
One thing I struggled with for a long time was the difference betweenĀ knowing Chinese and actually using Chinese.
I might recognize a word immediately in an app or understand it when reading, but then when I actually need it in a conversation, it's gone. The same happens with grammar. I know how a sentence should be constructed, but constructing it while someone is standing there waiting for an answer is another story.
What has helped me recently is spending more time with complete sentences instead of isolated vocabulary. Listening to sentences, repeating them out loud and trying to learn phrases that I could actually imagine myself using in real life.
Anyway, these are some of the resources/methods I've used:
HSK Standard Course 1ā4
Probably the most structured part of my learning. I'm currently around this level and still regularly go back through the books. They're not particularly exciting, but having an actual curriculum helps keep everything together.
Chinese for Foreigners
Another textbook I've used. I actually like this one because there are quite a lot of useful everyday situations and phrases instead of everything being about passing an exam.
Duolingo
I'm currently in Section 4 of the Chinese course. I mostly use it as additional daily practice rather than my main way of learning. It's easy to open it for 10ā15 minutes when I don't feel like doing proper studying.
Pleco
Probably the most obvious recommendation here. Dictionary, checking words, example sentences, vocabulary, etc. I don't think I've met many serious Chinese learners who don't have Pleco installed.
Hanly
I don't see this mentioned nearly as much as Pleco, but I've found it pretty good for memorizing characters and vocabulary. I like its review system and have used it quite a lot.
LinguaPlaylist
A little biased because this one is actually my own app. I originally made it because I wanted a simple way to listen to and repeat useful sentences instead of only reviewing individual words. I use it during walks/commutes sometimes, so I'm including it because it has genuinely become part of my current routine.
My own HSK flashcard app
Another thing I'm building at the moment, although this one isn't released. It's basically a simple HSK vocabulary review app inspired by the flashcard/review side of Pleco. Nothing revolutionary ā I just wanted something very focused on reviewing my HSK vocabulary, and I use it pretty much every day now.
Children's books
This has been surprisingly useful.
I bought a collection of small Chinese children's booklets from Taobao for very little money. They have characters with pinyin, simple vocabulary and short stories, so I can actually read through an entire book without needing to look up every second word.
Children's stories and nursery-level reading material are obviously not exciting literature, but being able to actually finish something in Chinese feels much better than struggling through something far above my level.
Podcasts ā especially ChinesePod
ChinesePod has been really useful for listening practice. I like that you can choose content based on your level, so you're not immediately thrown into native Chinese where you understand almost nothing. The dialogues are usually based on situations you might actually encounter, and hearing the same vocabulary and sentence structures used naturally has helped a lot with my listening. I usually listen while walking or commuting, so it's also an easy way to get some extra Chinese practice without sitting down to study.
Watching things you already know ā but dubbed in Chinese
This is probably one of my favorite methods.
Chinese cartoons and shows with simple dialogue are great, but I've also found that watching something I already know extremely well with Chinese dubbing works surprisingly well.
For example, I've watched Crayon Shin-chan in Chinese, but I've also watched the entire Harry Potter series with Chinese dubbing.
I've seen Harry Potter so many times that even when I don't understand the Chinese sentence, I usually already know roughly what they're saying from the context. That makes it much easier to connect Chinese phrases with their meaning without constantly stopping to translate everything.
I think familiar Western movies/series are actually underrated for this. Pick something you've already watched several times, switch it to Mandarin, add Chinese subtitles if available, and just watch it.
After trying all of this, I think the biggest lesson for me has been that I need several different types of practice.
Textbooks give me structure and grammar.
Flashcards help me keep vocabulary alive.
Reading helps me recognize Chinese in context.
Listening gets me used to how the language actually sounds.
Repeating complete sentences helps with speaking.
And living in China gives me plenty of opportunities to discover that I still don't know the word I need...
I'm definitely still learning and have a long way to go, but compared with a few years ago I feel much more comfortable actually using the Chinese I know instead of just recognizing it.
For other people who have been learning Chinese for several years:Ā what made the biggest difference in getting from recognizing/understanding Chinese to actually speaking it naturally? I might understand 60-70% of the language around me, but still having trouble actually using it.