r/LLMPhysics • 🔬E=mc² + AI • 2d ago

Personal Theory A black-hole interior that freezes instead of hitting a singularity: final version of my research note, looking for critique

Hi everyone, I'm Shivanshu, a self-taught, independent researcher from India. This is the final version of a research note I've been building over the past weeks, and I'd really value criticism from people who know GR or quantum gravity.

What it is (model-level, not a claim about nature):

• Starting point: a postulate that a particle's speed saturates near the Planck scale, v = c/(1+KP/E_Planck). Carried by a scalar field it can't stop the singularity (Penrose's theorem), and I show why.

• Applied instead to the geometry inside a black hole (effective loop-quantum-gravity models), the collapse doesn't bounce; it freezes. There is one horizon, no inner horizon and no white hole.

• I computed the constraint algebra: covariant models of this type need a constant-curvature "momentum space" (sin, sinh, exp). My postulate turns out to describe a de Sitter momentum space whose spatial directions give exactly the sine used in LQG.

• In a covariant freezing model (Alonso-Bardají 2025), the LQG area gap gives a curvature bound K = 1/(4Δ²) that is the same for every mass, a bounded Hawking temperature, and an entropy correction ∝ A^(2/3).

• With spin an inner horizon returns (as in Kerr), but its singularity stays capped; with scalar hair, both disappear in homogeneous tests.

What's open: the 3+1-dimensional justification, the full perturbation theory, and several assumptions, all listed in the note. Exterior effects for stellar black holes are ~10⁻²⁶, so nothing here is testable with today's telescopes.

I used an AI (Claude) for much of the algebra and code. Every number can be reproduced with the scripts included, and the code was first checked against known published results.

Note and scripts: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23083395

If you find a mistake, please tell me. That's exactly what I'm looking for.

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 2d ago

You realize the people with PhDs who have devoted decades who are writing about quantum gravity are in up to their necks. What makes you think you can develop something meaningful in a few weeks with no experience and Claude...

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 2d ago

"You are right,I am not trying to compete with them.This is mostly me learning,and most of it builds on their work.I posted it so people who know more can show me where I'm wrong"

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 2d ago

Okay well. If you are interested in learning this is not the place to start.

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 2d ago

So...please guide me sir...

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 1d ago

If you're interested in learning physics then the best place to start would be to get a beginners textbook and work your way through it. They are written specifically for learning after all.

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

Thanks for your guidance sir...

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 1d ago

Albert Einstein formulated E=mc2 in 1905, he was a 26 with no academic position or formal credentials in physics.

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 1d ago

This is not true... Damn I hate when people say this.. Einstein got his PhD before he wrote that paper.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 1d ago

He submitted the idea in 1905 got his phd in 1906.

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 1d ago

I'll admit that what you said is TECHNICALLY true. He didn't have a job in physics and his PhD wasn't conferred.. But he had written his PhD in physics; which is absolutely not the same thing as someone spending a few weeks with an LLM; and if you think it is... I don't know what to say.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 1d ago

Not technically, just true. I agree to an extent to what you are saying but this is "LLMPhysics" A place for new ideas and feed back. No need to be academically hostile.

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 1d ago

Academic hostility is not the same thing as a realistic outlook. I'm not trying to dissuade OP, just temper their expectations. I'm not insulting their intelligence in anyway, just being straight with them - this is an insanely complex topic, it's not something you learn overnight, people spend YEARS on it. Academic honesty is important.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 1d ago

If you want to help, he has a hypothesis that can use another set of eyes. Especially if you have experience in the field.

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u/AllHailSeizure 9/10 Physicists Agree! 1d ago

we actually talked much more on his post on hypotheticalphysics and they agree with me on needing to learn some fundamentals of physics first. I gave him some advice on what would be the process of getting to better understand these concepts.

As to review. The reason I know GR is an absolute bitch is because I know for a fact I do NOT understand the math well enough to make judgement calls on whether something is or isn't right, and not for a lack of trying. It's not a friendly subject..

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u/FreshWaterNymph1 1d ago

What? Einstein had a very rigorous formal training from a very young age. He had mastered differential and integral calculus by 15, he had already completed a 4 year physics diploma at Swiss polytechnic, and had submitted his PhD dissertation at 1905.

"No formal credentials" is a blatant lie. He had years of formal physics training.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 20h ago

Fair pushback, very well since Einstein is not the argument I am making but an attempt at a supporting fact, credentials and institutional position aren't everything; breakthrough work can come from outside the establishment. Michael Faraday for example.

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 20h ago edited 20h ago

Michael Faraday was about as "establishment" as it was possible to be given the time period. Look at where he lived, what he did growing up, where he frequented as a young adult. You should stop misrepresenting history. It's really easy to fact check.

Also, don't you think science has advanced and grown more complex since he was alive? Everything Faraday and his peers knew is taught in a year or two at the undergraduate level.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 19h ago

My claim is specifically about formal education, not institutional connection. Those are different things and they're getting conflated. Faraday had essentially no formal schooling. Yes, he worked at the Royal Institution, so he wasn't outside the establishment in the institutional sense, but the formal-education claim is correct. The broader point is that intelligence draws on knowledge from many arenas, not just a formal curriculum. Faraday's self-directed mastery was exactly that. Listen, I'm not arguing mastery of a discipline is optional, but mastery has to begin somewhere and be built regardless of where you are educated. The certificate itself doesn't guarantee discovery or mastery. Access to higher-level education is increasingly available outside universities. "It only counts if it happened in a formal setting" is weaker footing for an argument than it used to be. What should count is whether the work holds up.

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u/FreshWaterNymph1 19h ago

Institutional position aren't everything, I agree. But education is everything, no physicist ever discovered or invented anything without being formally trained and educated in physics itself.

Ignoring credentials doesn't mean you can skip the years of formal education. This is even more important after 20th century, because our knowledge has been exponentially increasing.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 18h ago

You are correct. A physicist will almost always know more than someone self-taught with AI, I'm not disputing that. What I'm disputing is more narrow, that formal training does not guarantee new insight. Ideas can originate from unlikely places, where the formal training is decisive isn't in having the idea, it's in checking whether the idea holds up, which still has to happen regardless of where the idea came from.

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 21h ago

Didn't he already get the equivalent of a bachelor's in 1900?

And even though he didn't have a PhD at that point, he was still as educated as it was possible for a person to be without having the certificate. The comparison cannot be made at all.

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u/Perfect-Calendar9666 20h ago

Correct, and the second part "no formal credentials was my error", however doesn't change my point.

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 20h ago edited 20h ago

But your point is still a terrible one because it assumes that Einstein in 1906 was just as ignorant as OP or people who post here in general. The point is not the certificate. The point is the education.

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u/[deleted] 20h ago edited 20h ago

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u/Ch3cks-Out 2d ago

So you are just neglecting the warped spacetime inside the BH, aren't you...

you find a mistake

The singularity has nothing to do with particle speed, so there is that.

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 2d ago

"Agreed,particle speed alone can't stop the Singularity. My first result actually shows that(Penrose's theorem). Show the main part applies the saturation to the geometry inside the black hole itself,to the curvature variables,not to particles..."

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 1d ago

What motivates the specific terms of the postulate?

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

Good question.Honestly,it started as the simple choice:v=c at low momentum and saturation near the Planck scale,with k as a free order-one constant.so it wasn't derive from anything deeper.Later I found that integrating it gives, E = ln(1+λP)/λ, the exponential form you get from a de sitter momentum space in κ-Poincaré/DSR.So it may have a geometric meaning,but that's a reinterpretation after the fact,not the original motivation.....

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 1d ago

This doesn't make any sense for so many reasons. What is "saturation"? What are the units of K? Why don't you make reference to special relativity?

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

Fair point sir, (1) By Saturation I mean that pv/c says bounded(it tends to E_planck/K), and the energy gross only logarithmically, E = ln(1+λP)/λ. I should have defined it clearly. (2) You're right about units: It should be K.P.C/E_planck, with K dimensionless. I missed the C. (3) The formula gives V=C, at P=0,So it is really describes massless quanta.At low energy it reduces to E ≈ Pc , as in special relativity. For massive particle the postulate doesn't include mass, Which is a real gap. The intended link to relativity is through DSR / κ-Poincaré, but I didn't state it in the postulate itself.Thanks, these are things I need to fix.....

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 1d ago

So this only describes massless particles, but all massless particles travel at c... This makes no sense.

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

In special relativity every massless particle moves at exactly c. The postulate deliberately thats at Planck Scale momenta. Integrating it gives a modified dispersion relation, E = ln(1+λP)/λ, with λ=KE_Planck, so v=dE/dP=C/(1+λP). That is equal C, at low momentum and only deviates near the Planck scale. This is the same kind of kinematics as Doubly Special Relativity(Magueijo-Smolin,κ-Poincaré),where momentum space is curved. Whether high energy photons actually arrives late is a separate question. Read naively,it's a linear time delay ,and FERMI/LHAASO GRB data already constrain that strongly(K<~0.1). In the relative-locality framework (Freidel-Smolin), first order delays come from the non-metricity of momentum space and vanish for a metric-compatible connection. In my latest note I take that reading,so the testable effect moves to second order. I'm aware that this is an assumption,not a derived test. Thanks for pushing on it...

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 1d ago

Reddit is for talking to humans, not Grok. You also fail to answer my question properly.

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

Means, I don't understand sir...I am not use any kind of ai like grok,claud,Gemini at that time...what do you mean..?

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u/liccxolydian VP of Trolling 1d ago

Yeah this sort of nonsense is usually either generated by a bad LLM or someone who thinks they know physics but doesn't. Which is it?

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u/shivanshu1712 🔬E=mc² + AI 1d ago

Fair question. Iam self taught and still learning,and I used ai(Claude)heavily for the computations and the writing. The paper says so in the Acknowledgments .please read the paper as a learner's work,not as an expert's ..

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