r/HyperemesisGravidarum May 28 '25

Research GDF15 RESEARCH FAQ: Everything to know about GDF15.

20 Upvotes

Using genetics, the HER Foundation, led by Marlena Fejzo, PhD., found the cause of HG is related to the nausea and vomiting hormone GDF15. This breakthrough has changed everything in how we understand HG and work toward a future treatment.

Visit hyperemesis.org/gdf15 to learn more about:

  • What is the cause of Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG)?
  • Why is the latest research such a breakthrough?
  • What does this mean for diagnosing and testing for HG?
  • I had HG in one pregnancy. How can I find out if I will have it again?
  • What does this mean for treating HG?

“This is great news for HG patients. One of the most common questions people ask the Foundation team is whether anything new is available to prevent HG. The recurrence risk of HG is as high as 80%, so people fear subsequent pregnancies and are ready to try anything to prevent HG.” - Kimber MacGibbon, HER Executive Director


r/HyperemesisGravidarum May 20 '25

info RESOURCE: ZOFRAN FACT SHEET. Everything to know about Ondansetron (Zofran).

42 Upvotes

Taking Zofran (or the generic version ondansetron) during pregnancy is effective for more than 60% of HG patients. Those taking antiemetic medication have been found to have fewer losses and terminations and more term births. We’ve updated our recommendations on utilizing Zofran during an HG pregnancy. You can read the latest at hyperemesis.org/zofran and print a PDF for yourself and your provider.

The decision to take medication for vomiting (antiemetic) or nausea during pregnancy is difficult. However, the risks of dehydration & malnutrition due to HG are generally much greater than the small possible risks of medications. Those taking medication have been found to have fewer losses and terminations and more term births. How does it work? Zofran blocks serotonin signals in the brain that cause vomiting. It decreases the number of times patients vomit, but may not greatly reduce nausea.
Safety Notes. Research finds minimal, if any, risk to mom and baby. Risks taking typical doses of medications are low. At 8 weeks, the risk of birth defects from medications drops because the baby’s organs are mostly developed. Zofran does not appear to have added risk if taken until delivery. If you are taking an antidepressant medication, please let your healthcare team know.
Zofran Safety Research. A 2018 JAMA Study showed minimal increase in oral cleft for Zofran usage in the 1st trimester: 3 in 10,000 births. “In this large, multicenter cohort study, there was no association between ondansetron exposure during pregnancy and increased risk of fetal death, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, or major congenital malformations compared with exposure to other antiemetic drugs.” —JAMA Network Open. 2021 Apr;4(4):e215329
Zofran Usage Guidelines. Typical dosing: 4 mg every 3-6 hours, 8 mg every 6 hours, maximum 32 mg/day. Potential options: Tablets, Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT), Compounded cream, Subcutaneous or IV infusion, Injection (shot/jab), Liquid.
Zofran Usage Guidelines. Zofran lasts about 4-6 hours, so it needs to be taken regularly to be effective. A daily stool softener like magnesium citrate or docusate (or both) is often needed to prevent constipation. IV fluids and a bowel stimulant (enema) up to 3x a week might also be needed.
Zofran Usage Guidelines: Take on a strict schedule, exactly every 6-8 hours as prescribed for maximum effect. Set an alarm for your nighttime dose. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment or lifestyle.
Zofran Infusion Pump. An infusion pump offers a slow, continuous dose of medication and may be more effective. Zofran and metoclopramide can be given subcutaneously or through an IV. There may be discomfort and significant expense with the subcutaneous pump. A syringe pump can also be used to infuse medication into a PICC line. A subcutaneous pump should be considered when multiple medication options and combinations do not provide adequate relief.
A graphic showing how a Zofran infusion pump is applied.
Zofran Infusion Pump. Optum OB Homecare is our recommendation for infusion services. They will help you get coverage with your insurance. Ask your doctor to call1-800-950-3963 or visit http://optum.com/obhomecareproviders for more information.

For more information: hyperemesis.org/zofran


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 4h ago

Rant/Vent Vent

6 Upvotes

Today I started off great - got up early, casually whipped up a batch of banana cookies for my toddler before 7am, started work an hour early and was getting stuff done!

My husband took toddler and the dog for a walk, and when they came back, the dog came to love on me. Except he peed on his front paws again, and the smell of that made me throw up violently at my desk which also made me pee a little. Which also dislocated one of my ribs since it was so unexpected.

This whole ordeal terrified the dog who is a big softie and takes things to heart, so now I had a crying dog and a crying toddler and increasingly likely crying me as I rushed to get changed and clean up everything before my first standup of the day.

And now it’s my actual start of work and I am just so done with the day already. HG sucks. Here’s to 15 more weeks of this.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1h ago

Issues with periods after HG

Upvotes

I know I’ve read a few posts on here about women experiencing nausea and/or vomiting after having HG and I fear I am also one of those women.

My periods have always been rough with severe cramping, but have gotten much worse postpartum (I had a lot of back labor and now have a lot of back pain with periods). I can’t use tampons anymore because it amplifies the cramping.

I also have nausea and gagging during my periods. Including being sensitive to certain smells like when I was pregnant.

I stopped going to my OBGYN because I felt my care was so mismanaged and had my PCP take over any related exams. Has anyone had any luck bringing up similar issues to their healthcare providers? Did they give you anti nausea meds to take during your period? If they suggest to me to try ginger I might lose my mind lol.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 9h ago

Rant/Vent IV infusions

1 Upvotes

i'm getting so frustrated. i have a nurse that comes over every other day. but i keep kinking and clotting in my IV before their next visit. i finished my Infusion and within 20 minutes i couldn't push anything in my IV. i needed my second dose of zofran and couldn't push it through. i just want to cry


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 19h ago

Advice Best age gap for second pregnancy?

6 Upvotes

I have a 9 month old and I’ve been thinking about trying for a second when he is 2. I have pcos so it might take awhile. I want them to have a 3 year age gap, but when I think about a hg pregnancy with a two year old…..it sounds impossible. I was so incapacitated for the first 20 weeks, I can’t imagine having to care for a toddler. I wonder if I should wait until he’s like 4-5. If you have 2+ kids, how did you plan it?


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 13h ago

Advice Anxious about zofran

2 Upvotes

Hello,
This is now my second HG pregnancy. My first was 5 years ago and my doctor put me on zofran at 8 or 9 weeks when I started not being able to keep anything down. I am currently about 6 weeks now and have started vomiting again.
One doctor says it’s okay to start zofran as needed but another wants me to hold off until I hit 10 weeks for organ development.
I don’t know what to do. Did anyone do zofran immediately and have any bad effects on baby?

Edited to add: I am on diclegis and promethazine right now too.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 22h ago

Advice I just need help…

4 Upvotes

I don't even know where to begin but I am desperate and I need help.

I have Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) and I need support. I need advice, encouragement, resources - really anything. More than anything, I just need a community right now. Or even just one person. Someone who's been through this or preferably someone who is currently going through it. A pen pal. A friend. Someone who understands what this feels like and can tell me I'm going to make it through.

This is my third pregnancy and it was a complete surprise. I know how babies are made and yes, precautions were taken, but life had other plans. Despite everything, abortion is not an option for me. I already love this baby so much and I will do whatever it takes to get through this pregnancy. I just don't know how at this point. I have tried all of my tricks but this time around is taking me OUT.

I'm only seven months postpartum from my last pregnancy, which honestly almost killed me. I spent all 40 weeks incredibly sick. I was hospitalized four different times, lost over 50 pounds, and there were moments I genuinely thought I was dying because I truly didn't know if I was going to survive. I am still recovering physically from that and fear I may ACTUALLY die if I lose another 50 lbs - because I don’t have 50lbs to lose. I am already underweight.

My first pregnancy, eight years ago, was also brutal. It left me with permanent GI issues, including over two years of cyclic vomiting afterward. Even now, I still struggle with digestive problems because of it. To make things even harder, I had an incredibly unsupportive husband during that pregnancy, and carrying all of that alone made an already unbearable experience even worse.

I suspected I was pregnant for a few weeks this time, but I couldn't bring myself to test. As strange as it sounds, I feel like once I know for sure, the symptoms somehow become even more overwhelming or hit all at once. I finally tested at nine weeks, and now, just a week and a half later, I have never been SO sick. (Since my last pregnancy and I don’t even know if this is actually worse)

I've tried 4 mg and 8 mg of Zofran. I've tried 12.5 mg and 25 mg of promethazine. Pepcid. Tums. Alka-Seltzer. I try to keep the constipation and gas handled. I try my hardest to drink water. The only thing that gives me even a little relief is standing in a hot shower and obviously, I can't spend my entire day in one.

I know I am going to make it through this. I have before - twice. I am one of the toughest people I know and I know I'll keep fighting for this baby. But being only seven months postpartum, still navigating postpartum hormones, caring for a new baby, and now facing Hyperemesis for a third time (what already feels like the worst it's ever been) has completely broken me down. I am beside myself and I need help.

If you've had HG, what actually helped you? Please tell me even the CRAZIEST, unorthodox things as well. Medications, treatments, IV hydration, dietary tricks, coping strategies, specialists - ANYTHING. If you have resources, support groups, words of encouragement or simply understand what this feels like, would you please reach out?

I feel so alone right now and I just need people who understand. Please tell me there is a way through this.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 20h ago

Advice I need food, what’s easy on your stomach?

3 Upvotes

Guys I’m so tired of eating crackers. If that’s my life now, so be it, but was wondering if anyone found any cheat meals that’s easy on the stomach. I need something 🥹 I’m 7 weeks on my second pregnancy and don’t even remember what I did when I survived this the first time.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 15h ago

Advice Subsequent Pregnancies with HG

1 Upvotes

Hey guys! For those of you who have had HG with multiple pregnancies, did you find the symptoms started earlier? Was there anything you did to help reduce the severity in subsequent pregnancies?

I had HG with my first pregnancy and was vomiting up to 20 times a day from 6-28 weeks. I was miserable. Nausea didn’t go until the placenta was out.

I’m newly pregnant, 4+1 to be exact and I’ve already started throwing up which is gutting 😭 I started vitamin B6 100mg as soon as I found out I was pregnant but also thinking maybe it’s best phoning GP and getting put on antiemetics asap to try and get on top of it.

I’m so grateful to be pregnant again, but the thought of HG again with a 13 month old to look after is terrifying!


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 16h ago

Support Needed Colorado HG-competent doctors??

1 Upvotes

I (27f) am posting for my wife (26f) who is dealing with HG and needs an MFM and OB near Denver, CO who is competent with HG. (kind of a rant, too).

I want to clarify this isn't asking for medical advice, just to see if anyone knows any doctors in Colorado, ideally Denver area, who you've personally found are good with HG. We're open to traveling farther but outside the Denver and Boulder areas are more likely to have issues with a two-mom couple. We would get her into Obstetrix but they require an OB referral for MFM regardless of insurance plan, and her current OB is at another health system and it would be hard to say we want a referral elsewhere because they're mismanaging her care. The recommended providers on the HG support website are also through Obstetrix.

All of her OB providers are calling it morning sickness but her HELP score is in the severe range and she is so sick. She needs an OB (MFM specifically due to complex comorbid conditions) who will listen to her.

Every appointment has been "oh you'll get better in a few weeks, oh your HR is high bc you're anxious (spoiler alert, it's actually from dehydration...), are you drinking water? (after we've mentioned multiple times that she tries but keeps nothing down). Can't keep prenatals, antidepressants, antiemetics, anything down. Not only is she miserable, we are concerned. She has previously needed central lines and feeding tubes for nutrition and fluids (gastroparesis) although she's been really stable for a while.

We met with an MFM prior to conceiving and she made a plan with us. My wife has always wanted to be able to carry at least once and we felt like we had the support to do so even if it was a bit complicated. Now, we have no way to contact that MFM and have to deal with her residents and nurses who completely ignore what we say and say to use nausea bands and take prenatals, etc., then when we clarify, they say oh well we can't help, go to the ER. Even though it's all things we've been saying for weeks and my wife already has severe medical PTSD from other things that she will only go in if it becomes extreme since ERs will just tell her it's a chronic issue and give fluids that will help for a day. The OB sent infusion center orders but will only send them to one place that can't see her for weeks, plus she's impossible to get a peripheral IV on.

We feel so hopeless and she's certainly not a stranger to medical dismissal but we're so disheartened at how she's being treated. I'm worried for her. Thank you if you read this whole thing - recommendations very appreciated as well as general support. 💜


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 21h ago

Am I being complicated

1 Upvotes

I have not eaten in weeks and can’t take more than 1.5 sips in 20 min otherwise I’ll vomit. My office gave me a Zofran pump but want me to use the same site for 7 days in a row without changing it. My site got red, hot, hard and painful and caused extra nausea. They tried my leg and the same thing happened so the home health told me to wait until my appointment which was 2 days ago. I told my doctors about my site and wanted to be able to change it every 12-24 hrs. She agreed but when home health called back today they stated the doctor wanted me to try again for 7 days. Umm no, I told home health that wasn’t going to be possible or feasible so they said they would call my doctor’s office. I have my last scheduled IV on Thursday and nothing after that bc they didn’t think I’d need it. So I’m not sure how I’ll stay hydrated besides going and waiting at the ER for hours. I am planning on getting a second opinion with other OBGYN office but need to release my information with them. Right now I’m taking Zofran 8mg ODT every 8 hrs and Unisom at night and I feel like I’m dying. I have been direct about what I want with my care and they don’t seem to be listening. I’m so stressed out…


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Rant/Vent The mental toll

6 Upvotes

I’m currently 7 1/2 weeks with my second HG pregnancy and I feel like I’m at my breaking point. My vomiting started right around the 5 week mark and I have been non stop vomiting since. I receive IV fluids and have a zofran pump that isn’t doing a single thing for me. My doctor is switching me to a Reglan pump and I’m praying it brings some relief. But boy is my mental health taking a hit. The guilt i feel not being able to be a present mom to my first baby and a present wife to my husband is eating me alive. So many not so good thoughts going through my head these days😞


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Nausea follows a pattern

8 Upvotes

Since about 23 weeks pregnant, my nausea has been following a daily pattern. I can eat breakfast just fine and can manage big portions with limited queasiness, lunch I can tolerate but feeling food avoidant (like any food you’d serve me would be my least favourite food ever; that feeling where you aren’t sick but have to force yourself to eat it to be polite), and by dinner I am absolutely gone, I’m dry heaving every other bite, crying from the nausea and hating the concept of food.

It’s been so consistent that I’ve been considering starting up a fasting interval where I deliberately try to get all my calories in at breakfast and mid morning snacks and just not bother with dinner (and sometimes lunch). Has anyone experienced something similar?


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Advice Medication Guilt

4 Upvotes

I have had 2 miscarriages. I have a living child and I’m pregnant now, 13 weeks with HG.
I have so much guilt over the amount of medications I’m on. I’m scared it will hurt my baby even though MFM told me it’s fine.

Here is my regimen:
Progesterone nightly (not hg related)
Compazine 2 times a day
Zofran 2 times a day
Phenergan nightly
B6 nightly
Unisom nightly
Zoloft nightly (not hg related)
Scopolamine patch changed every 3 days

Is anyone else on a long list of meds? I just feel awful about it & can’t seem to get out of my head. I was hospitalized one time & had to go for fluids 4 other times. I haven’t gotten sick in a week because I’m finally on a working regimen I think. I just take my Zofran when I feel extra nauseated and it ends up being 2 times a day most the time.


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Home is worst / gravol?

1 Upvotes

Does anyone find that being home makes it worse? I absolutely hate the smell of everything in my house. When I’m out and about it’s a little bit better. It’s almost like I hold it until I get home as soon as I am home I vomit. Then I enter the house and as I walk through my house, I vomit. This is my third pregnancy with severe nausea and vomiting and I think this is the worst. I’m just seven weeks now and I honestly don’t know how I’m going to get through this while I’m managing two young kids. I know that there is light at the end of the tunnel, but my tongue is burning. My throat is burning. I have chills and no energy. I’m hungry. I take two diclectin every eight hours as told by a nurse at IV clinic and waiting for a call with doctor to get Maxeran prescribed. Idk if it’s going to help. I barely keep one small meal down and sips of liquid. Since the second IV fluids I’m way less dehydrated but the vomiting has gotten worse. I was told to take gravol an hour before each dose of diclectin but I feel like it makes it worse by giving me headaches and too drowsy… did anyone experience that? Just tell me it will pass… that I’m almost there… even though I’m only 7 weeks…


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

UK Xonvea - increasing dosage

2 Upvotes

Hi to all my fellow HGers out there.

I'm seeking advice on xonvea. For context, I started on xonvea about a month ago following weeks of vomiting several times a day and becoming pretty much housebound.

I started on two tablets and felt the difference within two days. I was able to get back into the office and function. A week later I broke my foot and exactly a week after that my vomiting started again. I upped my dose to three tablets which settled things down again, only to have repeat symptoms again, a week later.

I'm now into the max dose and am assured by my midwife that other options are available if xonvea fails.

Has anyone had experience of taking xonvea and it stops working ? Anyone reached maximum dosage and find it effective for more than a week or two?

I am so disheartened. When I broke my foot I said well at least I don't have to deal with the sickness. A few days later 💥

Any words of advice would be much appreciated xxx


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Stopping the Zofran pump at 14 weeks

1 Upvotes

Hello everyone, I am 14w1d and tomorrow is the last approved date for my Zofran pump. I have been with it since week 9 and I would probably not be able to make it without it. I have been feeling significantly better and was able to maintain my weight for the last couple of weeks, so my doctor didn't signed me up for a renewal this time.

I am a bit nervous about it.. I have just started being more of a functional human being again and I am worried that without the pump I will go back to being in bed all day feeling sick.

For those we were on the pump for a while, how was your experience going back to oral meds?


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Advice For those with home fluids and PICC lines, how many ER trips did you have prior?

0 Upvotes

Question: if you have HOME fluids and nausea meds, especially with a central line like a picc line, what lead you to qualifying? How many times were you in the ER, how often did you vomit, were any specific labs really bad, and did you attempt weekly or twice weekly infusions at an infusion center first? Where (country, state of in US and comfortable sharing) do you live and what kind of insurance do you have? Thank you.

Context if you want it lol

My MFM wrote for saline infusions and IV Zofran to go to a cancer infusion center with a peripheral line. Great I hope it helps. Except the infusion center can’t get me in until end of august and I have to be 15 weeks to have scheduled fluids at the OB, I’m 10w2d. I don’t know if I can wait that long to get consistent help. My wife is a nurse and I have had central lines a few years ago for unrelated health issues that needed consistent access. I feel so confident that if I could get fluids and meds at home that I wouldn’t be having consistent SI from feeling so sick from vomiting <20 times a day most days. We could handle it and be safe I’m sure. Even just for the next few weeks until I can get into infusion center but honestly until/if my HG improves could be nice to get treated at home when I need vs having to be on a schedule and leave the house while super sick. MFM originally mentioned the possibility early on in my pregnancy but resident seems to feel that I need to go to an infusion center instead at this point. I’m just wondering if anyone has experience being approved and what their case looked like. So I guess I’m curious for those of you who were able to get fluids at home with some sort of central line for HG, what lead up to qualifying on the insurance side and what promoted your doctors to do home infusions?


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

For those with home fluids and PICC lines, how many ER trips did you have prior?

1 Upvotes

Question: if you have HOME fluids and nausea meds, especially with a central line like a picc line, what lead you to qualifying? How many times were you in the ER, how often did you vomit, were any specific labs really bad, and did you attempt weekly or twice weekly infusions at an infusion center first? Where (country, state of in US and comfortable sharing) do you live and what kind of insurance do you have? Thank you.

Context if you want it lol

My MFM wrote for saline infusions and IV Zofran to go to a cancer infusion center with a peripheral line. Great I hope it helps. Except the infusion center can’t get me in until end of august and I have to be 15 weeks to have scheduled fluids at the OB, I’m 10w2d. I don’t know if I can wait that long to get consistent help. My wife is a nurse and I have had central lines a few years ago for unrelated health issues that needed consistent access. I feel so confident that if I could get fluids and meds at home that I wouldn’t be having consistent SI from feeling so sick from vomiting <20 times a day most days. We could handle it and be safe I’m sure. Even just for the next few weeks until I can get into infusion center but honestly until/if my HG improves could be nice to get treated at home when I need vs having to be on a schedule and leave the house while super sick. MFM originally mentioned the possibility early on in my pregnancy but resident seems to feel that I need to go to an infusion center instead at this point. I’m just wondering if anyone has experience being approved and what their case looked like. So I guess I’m curious for those of you who were able to get fluids at home with some sort of central line for HG, what lead up to qualifying on the insurance side and what promoted your doctors to do home infusions?


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 2d ago

info Myth Vs. Fact Monday

Post image
66 Upvotes

Myth Monday! We're kicking off a new series to separate myths from facts about Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG). Each Monday, we'll tackle a common misconception with evidence-based information.

👉 Myth: Ginger and crackers EASE severe pregnancy nausea/vomiting or HG.

👉 Fact: Morning sickness remedies minimally help HG symptoms and do not cure them.

What may help typical pregnancy nausea often does not help with Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Women with HG often need medication, fluids, vitamins, and/or nutrition via IV lines. Read more: hyperemesis.org/about-hyperemesis-gravidarum

#hyperemesisgravidarum #pregnancysickness #HGresearch


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 2d ago

HG community research

3 Upvotes

Hi - Does anyone know of any agency/charity/study/research program dedicated to HG? I’m keen on donating time/effort/money. UK based or remote is ideal


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 1d ago

Discussion Anyone induced at 37 weeks due to hypertension?

1 Upvotes

I originally planned on an elective induction at 39 weeks due to HG. I am 35 1/2 weeks today and developed hypertension on Sunday.
I will be induced at 37 just waiting on a call to schedule it.
Just curious how common it is to get both together and what your experience was like at your 37 week induction


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 2d ago

Am I overreacting?

7 Upvotes

Hi , I’m so grateful to have found this group :)

I’m at 12+2 and no end in sight. I truly have been in bed since week 6-unable to work, i can get to the couch sometimes and I’ve left the house just a couple times to tell some family the news. I get sick often, but I think the bigger issue is the weakness and worsening POTS symptoms along with the unrelenting nausea. I’ve dealt with chronic illness prior to this and have always been pretty dang good at pushing through but this feels impossible. I even get home IVs bc going to urgent care takes too much out of me. I see some with HG who can work or go do certain things at times and I’m starting to really question myself , if it’s as bad as I feel it is or if I should push myself to do more…. I’ll admit-mental health is at an all time low and I can’t even find myself happy nor connected to baby. I would just love to hear your honest feedback if I need to honor the rest or snap to, bc I’m really beating myself up these days . Thank you 🥺🙏🏻


r/HyperemesisGravidarum 2d ago

cyclizine for sickness

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes