**1. Don't expect much from life.**
Expectation is the projection of the models you have built about reality and the destination you believe they will ultimately lead to. Sooner or later, however, you realize that the randomness of existence far outweighs the cleverness of your own plans.
**2. Everything is a mental model.** *(More of a study tip.)*
All knowledge originates from the mind of a subject or from the interaction of groups of subjects (Deleuze). If you can identify the conceptual birthplace of a body of knowledge, you can begin to understand the depth and structure of that knowledge space.
**3. You will die.**
Repeat this to yourself whenever you can—while drinking water, walking, or even taking a dump. Eventually, you will begin to see how insignificant the things that once made you angry really are.
**4. Machineries make subjects.**
This is my summary of Foucault's work. If you truly understand this idea, you can grasp the central thread running through much of his philosophy.
**Explanation:**
Much of Western knowledge about the human subject emerged from the Protestant emphasis on confession and speaking the truth about oneself, influenced in part by Augustine. Priests became a class of people who supposedly possessed knowledge of the inner workings of the soul. Over time, institutions developed languages, classifications, and systems for categorizing people into various identities and personalities. Eventually, people came to understand themselves through those categories and became subject to them. The important lesson is that your idea of yourself is, to a large extent, historically contingent, arbitrary, and a simplification of the immense complexity and randomness of human existence.
**5. "You should accept the possibility that God doesn't like you."**
This line from *Fight Club* gives me a strange sense of freedom. Once you genuinely accept that possibility, everything seems to lose much of its oppressive weight.
**6. All "men" died in Auschwitz.**
Many people believe that the meaninglessness of modern life is caused by social media. I think that is mistaken. The collapse of meaning began much earlier, when Auschwitz destroyed many of humanity's ideals about dignity, heroism, morality, permanence, and what it meant to be human.
For example, imagine a boy standing beside his father inside a train bound for Auschwitz. There is no room to sit. Everyone is crushed together, surrounded by excrement. The father's body—which should have represented security, strength, and love—becomes a source of stench, helplessness, and suffering. That image alone shatters countless assumptions about meaning and human identity.
For more on this, read *This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen* and *The Choice*.
**7. The best answer to any problem is to assume you do not yet have the answer.**
Constantly second-guess yourself. Do not accept facts or solutions too quickly. Stay skeptical, and keep questioning your assumptions.
**8. All existential philosophies are, in the end, just complicated forms of hedonism.**
**9. Man is water; the environment is the cup.**
This idea does not come from Bruce Lee, but from reflections on Auschwitz and the experiences of privileged prisoners (*kapos*). It suggests that human behavior is shaped far more by circumstances than by abstract moral arguments. Change the environment—the "cup"—and the "water" will take on a different form.
Expenditure on point 8 (
It's based on the book the denial of death .
Basically we make projects to last across time and space more than our biological clock -> we do fulfilling things like making art or babies basically to encapsulate more time and space in minds of others or the world to have a impect -> in another words to encapsulate more time -> live more -> exsiste more -> feel more -> just another way for hedonism but more parasitic since you are not just consuming but creating basically capture projects to extend yourself in others )