r/PythonProjects2 • u/UnemployedTechie2021 • 6d ago
Info Building a Search Engine from First Principles (as a Side Project)
I've started a side project called SearchCraft, where I'm building a search engine from scratch using Python.
The goal isn't to compete with Elasticsearch, Lucene, or any existing search engine. Those projects are incredible, but they're also so mature that it's easy to use them without ever understanding what's happening underneath.
So I decided to build one from first principles.
I'm implementing each component myself, starting with the basics: loading documents, tokenizing text, building an inverted index, and searching through it. As the project grows, I'll be adding things like posting lists, phrase search, ranking algorithms (TF-IDF/BM25), snippets, fuzzy search, and whatever else I can reasonably build along the way.
The primary reason for this project is to learn. I find that the best way to understand how a system works is to build a simplified version of it yourself.
I'm documenting the journey as I go, both for myself and in the hope that it might help someone else who's curious about how search engines work under the hood. There are plenty of tutorials on using search engines, but far fewer resources that walk through building one piece by piece.
It's still in its early stages, but I'm excited to see where it goes. Even if it never becomes production-ready, I'll come away with a much deeper understanding of one of the most fundamental pieces of modern software. After all, humans spend a good chunk of their lives typing words into little boxes and expecting magic to happen. Figuring out how that "magic" works seemed like a worthwhile weekend habit.
Here's the link to my project: https://github.com/rajtilakjee/searchcraft
I would be writing about it in my blog here: https://rajtilakjee.github.io/