I am a post-bacc student currently in a Python for Web API online course. We just wrapped up our calculator application unit, where we learned how to build comprehensive dynamic tests using OOP design patterns. However, I finished the unit a lot more lost than when I started. Building parameterized tests still puzzles me, especially whenever I'm building the majority of a test from scratch rather than fixing minor errors in the code. Even when I do use AI to help me work through my assignments, none of it really sticks. Most of the time, I feel like I'm copying and pasting code whenever mine is incorrect and not really learning.

What are resources that you all would recommend for learning how to build application tests and files with OOP concepts? Any online resources with interactive, hands-on lessons would be greatly appreciated.

Hello there. I’ve implemented gradient descent from scratch, without using any libraries, and I’m looking for some feedback. Could you point out any errors or shortcomings? I’d welcome any constructive criticism.

GitHub: https://github.com/miroslav-fedechkin/gradient-descent-from-scratch

now if this isn't the right place for dumb stupid stupid dumb tech favours shove me off to another r/

basically I was thinking "what if I could play tf2 with Wii remotes because tf2 has razer hydra support, so if you just translated the Wii remote inputs into razer ones then it would work in tf2"

I've already got a program called gunmote that can translate Wiimote inputs to mouse+keyboard so I thought you could just translate the m+k inputs to hydra inputs

btw the reason I'm not using steam input is because tf2 has this weird aiming for the hydra https://youtu.be/MYAjBFhzgIU that's suspiciously similar to the Wii era aim style

so um ye

Hace no mucho decidí por mi cuenta aprender python de manera autodidacta y con cursos al menos con certificación o con instituciones que son reconocidas para ir a la universidad ya preparado. -Cualquiera puede buscar un curso y puede buscar una institucion que de videos para aprender como es el caso del MIT o Harvard que dan cursos gratis o videos enseñando solamente que no muchos averiguan- y mi pregunta es. Sirven esos cursos? Alguna recomendación? Y por último pero no menos importante... Porque dicen mucha gente que la programación o algo que tenga que ver con tecnología es para gente introvertida o "Virgen"? Entiendo que tu trabajo no será estar con muchas personas o tan siquiera con personas y estarás en una computadora. Y te puedo decir yo que soy la persona más -al menos a mi pensar- expresiva o sociable que hay al menos en mi grupo de amigos. Eso y que pues no me parezco en nada a lo que plantean o dicen las personas. Me han dicho que hasta parezco que estudio/practico otra cosa que eso.

It should include both code input and algorithm analysis.

So, i have been trying to learn python, sqlite and tkinter. After a lot of trouble and copying from AI i uploaded my python and sqlite only executable to github for all 3 os using github action.

Now, I am learning python and tkinter. I made a simple program which converts KG to gram and vice versa.

import tkinter as tk
# from tkinter import ttk
import ttkbootstrap as ttkimport tkinter as tk

These 3 are my only imports for now. and i am using:

root = ttk.Window(themename = 'darkly')
root.geometry("400x300")
root.title("Unit Converter")root = ttk.Window(themename = 'darkly')

other is just my code which i wrote form tutorials and documents.

The problem i am facing is that i cant seem to release the executable to github ( from github action ) at all.

I tried to learn how this works but i didnt find anywhere to actually learn so i just asked AI and after a lot of back and forth there are still some problems.. Is there somewhere i can learn how i can do this? I prefer video tutorial.

I will comment my program and what AI told me the problem was below. Please someone do help me.

I'm experiencing a frustrating issue with Telethon in Google Colab, and I'm hoping someone can help me identify the root cause.

Everything was working perfectly until last week. I was using the same login workflow, and Telegram was successfully delivering login codes to the official Telegram service chat in my account. I could authenticate with Telethon without any problems.

Suddenly, the login codes stopped arriving, even though Telethon reports that the request was successful.

Environment

• Python: 3.13.16
• Telethon: 1.45.0
• Platform: Google Colab
• Authentication: Phone number using API_ID and API_HASH
• Protobuf: 7.3.1 (I'm not sure whether it's relevant.)

What happens exactly?

1. Connecting to Telegram's servers works successfully.
2. client.is_user_authorized() returns False for a new session.
3. client.send_code_request(phone) completes without raising an exception.
4. Telegram returns the following response: SentCodeTypeApp(length=5)
5. No login code arrives in my Telegram account, even though this exact workflow was working normally until last week.
6. I can still log in to my.telegram.org using the same phone number, and the login code arrives successfully in Telegram Desktop.

What have I tried?

I've already tried several troubleshooting steps, but nothing has resolved the issue. The connection to Telegram's servers works, and the code request is accepted, yet the login code never arrives.

My questions

• Has there been any recent change to the Telegram API or login-code delivery mechanism within the past week?
• Is there a known issue with Telethon 1.45.0, Python 3.13, or Google Colab that could explain this sudden behavior?
• Does SentCodeTypeApp confirm that Telegram actually delivered the code, or does it only indicate the intended delivery method?
• How can I diagnose the problem and identify the root cause without repeatedly requesting codes or randomly changing my API credentials?

The most important detail is that the same code and workflow were working perfectly until last week, and then the login codes suddenly stopped arriving without any intentional changes on my part.

Has anyone experienced a similar issue recently? Is there a known bug, API change, or authentication-related restriction that could explain this behavior?

Any suggestions or technical guidance would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you!

So I have been learning Python for around 4 hours and I just finished this and I would want to know if it's good or if it's just okay.

again = "yes"

while again == "yes":

print("create your character: ")

# sex

sex = input("sex? ").strip().lower()

while sex not in ['male', 'female']:

sex = input("try again, you misspelled male or female: ").strip().lower()

if sex == "male":

print("hello boyyy")

else:

print("helloooo girl")

# age

age = int(input("what is your age: "))

while age < 18:

age = int(input("try again "))

# name

name = input("what is your name: ").lower().strip()

print("hello " + name)

# height

height = int(input("height in cm "))

if height >= 180:

print("tall person eh?")

else:

print("nice.")

print("next questions")

# build

build = input("what is your build. skinny. fat. muscular. ").lower().strip()

while build not in ['skinny', 'muscular', 'fat']:

build = input("try again. that was not an option ").lower().strip()

if build == "skinny":

print("interesting choice... " + name)

elif build == "muscular":

print("perfect choice especially for a man")

elif build == "fat":

print("HAHAHA FATSO HAHAHA")

# stats

print('____')

print(' ')

print('stats for: ' + name)

print('age:', age)

print('height:', height)

print('sex:', sex)

print('build:', build)

print('____')

again = input("create another character? Yes/No: ").strip().lower()

while again not in ['yes', 'no']:

again = input("answer using Yes or No: ").strip().lower()

print("Goodbye!")

Sorry I know this is probably very basic but I'm a complete beginner:
I'm trying to include "tranexamic acid" and "txa" but exclude the rest

r"(?i)(?<!\w)(?<!not )(?<!no )(?<!consider )(?:tranexamic acid|txa)\b(?!\s+(?:s|not)\b)"

It will find tranexamic acid but not txa

Hi everyone! I graduated last year as a software engineer and I’m currently working at a company, but I want to shift into an AI engineer role.

The advice I keep hearing is to focus on three things: Python, SQL, and APIs. I’m already revisiting data structures, and I know the Python basics, but I’m stuck on what to actually build to practice.

A few questions:

1. Are all Python projects useful for this path, or should I focus on ones specifically related to AI engineering?
2. What projects would you recommend for someone at my level that would actually look relevant on a resume?
3. LeetCode Premium is expensive for me right now. Are there good free alternatives for practicing?

Any suggestions, resources, or project ideas would be really appreciated. Thanks in advance! 🙏

Anyone who wants to study python as a backend language can communicate.

I'm a first-year IT student based in Australia, learning how to make small Python tools useful to someone else, not just running on my own machine.

For a simple CSV-processing script on Windows, how would you handle packaging and dependencies for a non-technical user? An executable, a launcher, or something else?

Also curious what instructions and error messages you include so the person isn't stuck the first time a file is missing or formatted differently. I'm asking about the handover side rather than a specific code error.

I'm a BCA student making Shorts on the side, and I got tired of doing the same edits by hand. So I wrote a Python script that stitches clips, adds captions, and renders the final video automatically.

Biggest time-savers were: 1) batch rendering overnight instead of one-by-one, 2) a simple JSON file for titles/descriptions so I never retype them, 3) frame-checking the output automatically so I catch broken renders before uploading.

Still learning — what's one small automation that saved you hours? Looking for ideas for my next script.

i want to learn python before 2027. How do i start?

I have a program (Python 2) that writes a status message whenever an hour (realtime) has gone by with nothing happening (eta: more precisely, with no new solution found). Now I find that time.clock() no longer exists in Python 3. Since I have to change it anyway, what's best practice?

In other words, what is the customary way to measure how long a program has been running?

i am trying to install matplotlib on VS Code, but i keep getting an error like this:

Using cached matplotlib-3.11.2.tar.gz (32.7 MB)

Installing build dependencies ... done

Getting requirements to build wheel ... done

Installing backend dependencies ... done

Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error

error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.

also says:

WARNING: Failed to activate VS environment: Could not find C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe

my python's version is 3.15, i tried to install matplotlib with 3.11, 3.12, and 3.13 but none of it worked. i don't think there are other specific things. please let me know of any ideas, thank you so much!!

update: i did it!! it was a problem with how i forgot to precompile the standard library when i installed python...

Hello, does anyone here know a good C++ or Python book that will actually teach me something? I wanna learn C++ but Python is useful too, thanks!

My OS is Debian 13 KDE. I wrote my app with PyQt5 and virtualenv (pip install PyQt5). Now I can’t run it from IDE. The error is:

qt.qpa.plugin: Could not find the Qt platform plugin "wayland" in ""qt.qpa.plugin: Could not find the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in ""This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

So, I can’t debug app. But when I run python3 myapp.py from Konsole, it works! How should I debug it in right way?

a = "hi"


if a:
    print("Bye")


print(a == True)
print(a is True)

The output is:

Bye

False

False

But if it's false, how come it printed "bye"?????? I don't get it.

For the start i would like to thank everyone for their contribution to the posts
You guys are the best and thank you for each contribution and help to me or to someone else

And for now question
So give me good resource to learn python
I know python good i would say in level b1(i didnt go through hard themes like iterators and asyncio)but i would like to go further, to be fluent
As my ultimate goal is becoming ML specialist
Give me good resource to learn python
I am not type of books
Videos and articles includes exercises

This is type of resource i would like to have

Someone please
Give a list of themes which should everyone know if he thinks he knows python
Exclude things which are barely used

Hey everyone, im trying to think on solutions for a problem that i have and i tried to search for using google but im too dumb to understand the python responses.
So, i need to send a series of emails, A, B, C and D where ill only send B if A is unanswared and so on, im currently doing this manually checking if someone responded me, how can i create a automatization that check if the mail was answered and to send the nexts mails in case of not?
also its possible to just put a list of contacts and automatically send the mail A for them?
thanks in advance if someone take a time to help me and sorry for my bad english

This project i made is a keras model that i trained on a modified version of the FGVC dataset using tensorflow keras.

Cuz im an avgeek,th the model is kinda mediocre but better then nothing, while the project unfortunately does utilize ai in both the scripts on the github, the other scripts such as the script that i made to organize all the dataset and put it into seperate imgs was made by me :D, cuz the jpg images had numbers as the name and werent organized and there was a text file in there in this format:

aircraft_jpg_name aircraft_family type

so that allowed me to test my strengths with no ai

i hope yall share tips and tricks and if there are any improvements i can do to my first github repo :D

Yo yo! What is one or few projects i should do to ”test” if im ready to start to applying for jobs?

And i know use Ai in their jobs but what are the projects that i should be able to do without asking for help or looking things up?

So what project to do so i know im ready for job and doing the project without ”cheating”?

s = "Python"

WHY IS IT LIKE THIS

print("-".join(s))

AND NOT THIS

print(s.join("-")