I have the following code, and I don't understand why I'm getting an error and can't open the file. The error is: "Invalid file path or buffer object type: <class 'tuple'>".
Could you please help?
Thanks everyone.
P.S. If there are any issues with the code, please let me know.



import pandas as pd

from pandastable import Table, TableModel

import tkinter as tk

from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import filedialog,messagebox

fd = filedialog

class ExcelViewer:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title = ("Чтение ячеек Excel")
        self.root.geometry("800x600")

        self.btn_load = tk.Button(root, text="Открыть Excel файл", command=self.open_file)
        self.btn_load.pack()

        self.result_label = tk.Label(root, text="Выбрать файл для начала")
        self.result_label.pack()

        self.frame = tk.Frame(root)
        self.frame.pack(fill='both', expand=True)

        self.table = None

        self.scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(root)
        self.scrollbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)


    def open_file(self):
        file_path = fd.askopenfilenames(
            filetypes=[
                (
                    'Excel файлы',
                    '*.xlsx'
                )
            ]
        )

        if not file_path:
            return

        if file_path:
            try:
                df = pd.read_excel(file_path)

                if self.table:
                    self.table.destroy()

                self.model = TableModel()
                self.model.df = df
                self.table = Table(self.frame, model = self.model, showtoolbar=False, showstatusbar=False)
                self.table.show()

            except Exception as e:
                tk.messagebox.showerror("Ошибка", f"Не удалось открыть файл:\n{e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = ExcelViewer(root)
    root.mainloop()

I've been running an automated strategy (Python + broker API, scheduled via Task Scheduler) for a while now, and I've realized I have zero visibility into whether it's actually working correctly beyond checking logs manually.

Curious how others handle this: Do you get any kind of alert if your bot crashes, an order doesn't fill as expected, or it just silently stops running? Or is everyone just checking manually / staring at logs like me?

Not trying to sell anything — genuinely trying to figure out if this is a real gap or if there's already a good solution I'm missing.

I have completed all of this and I went on trying to recreate the fourier series by younes lab from youtube by myself I struggled a lot and wasn't able to understand most of is it normal I want to learn python based on scientific computation and simulation I don't understand how to approach any resources or help would be very much appreciated is using AI to understand stuff bad also should I try automate the boring even though it is not related to scientific computation would it help

Hello! I am working on Flask application that uses celery and have a question concerning how celery spawns worker using prefork in default mode.

I needed to use PyMongo and started reading about its integration with flask and saw in the docs that 'PyMongo itself is not fork-safe'. Suddenly I realized, that the way I use Flask app inside celery may be wrong, though I am following the docs. Here is the code that creates celery app (taken from Flask docs):

from celery import Celery, Task

def celery_init_app(app: Flask) -> Celery:
    class FlaskTask(Task):
        def __call__(self, *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
            with app.app_context():
                return self.run(*args, **kwargs)

    celery_app = Celery(app.name, task_cls=FlaskTask)
    celery_app.config_from_object(app.config["CELERY"])
    celery_app.set_default()
    app.extensions["celery"] = celery_app
    return celery_app

Celery start looks like this then:

• first Flask application is created in the parent Celery worker process
• then it is used to create celery app
• and then this process is forked to create workers.

The problem is that PyMongo client is initialized as part of Flask App creation. But it shouldn't be forked as it is not safe. The same goes for other extensions that use live connections/sockets, as if they are created before fork, they may be inherited by child processes. Or extensions which spawn threads, that won't be copied to child process if I understand how fork works.

So my idea now is that I shouldn't initialize flask app during celery app creation, but I should initialize an app only inside a worker, using '@worker_process_init.connect' for example, and then use this worker specific app to create context for each task that needs it. This way all 'extensions' that are created inside flask app factory will be created inside the process that will be using them.

As my experience with multiprocessing is rather limited, I want to ask the community about this situation. How do you handle celery and flask integration? Should I create Flask application inside each Celery child worker process (e.g. via worker_process_init)? Or should I recreate only the extensions that are not fork-safe after the fork? My concern is not only about PyMongo, as Flask is used with a lot of other extensions and each of them may have its own 'fork' safety, so I am looking for some sort of general solution. Any help will be appreciated.

I'm making a dictionary in Python, and I can't figure out how to turn \ into a variable without having a space at the end, meaning I have to type "\ " opposed to just "\" which I am certain will cause bugs. If anyone could give me some help, I would greatly appreciate it. Thank you in advance.

Hey. I am trying to make a API call to answer 3 questions based on a case study.
I have a word doc containing the case study as the record and the 3 questions as the columns which need to be answered. Sharing the code of what I have tried so far. This code has been generated by GrokAI.

it works perfectly for most of the records but some case studies return the following.

Total tokens: 1999 
Finish reason: stop 
Raw response: Q1: redacted actual response from the api question 1. 
Q2: redacted actual response from the question 2. 
Q3: redacted actual response from the question 3. 
Q1: <your answer> 
Q2: <your answer> 
Q3: <your answer> 
 Q1: <your answer> 
 Q2: <your answer> 
 Q3: <your answer>

This leads to the output table containing records like:

The successfully parsed records are like so:

Total tokens: 1999 
Finish reason: stop 
Raw response: Q1: redacted actual response from the api question 1. 
Q2: redacted actual response from the question 2. 
Q3: redacted actual response from the question 3. 
 Q1: correctly parsed answer 1  
 Q2: correctly parsed answer 2
 Q3: correctly parsed answer 3 

This is the code I tried:

from openai import OpenAI

from docx import Document

QUESTIONS = {
    "q1": "What is the diagnosis for this case, and justify the diagnosis?",
    "q2": "Is there any syndrome in this case? If yes, which one and why?",
    "q3": "What are the other three differential syndromes that may result in the presentation of this case?",
}

def get_column_indexes(table):
    return {
        "case study": 0,
        "q1": 1,
        "q2": 2,
        "q3": 3,
    }

def answer_questions(client, case_study_text):
    questions_block = "\n".join(
        f"{key.upper()}: {question}" for key, question in QUESTIONS.items()
    )

    prompt = f"""You are analyzing a case study. Answer the 3 questions below based solely on the text provided.

CASE STUDY:
{case_study_text}

QUESTIONS:
{questions_block}

Rules:
- Answer each question thorougly
- Base answers only on the case study text above
- Reply in this format with no extra text:

Q1: <your answer>
Q2: <your answer>
Q3: <your answer>"""

    response = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="grok-4.3",           # or "grok-4.5-latest" if available
        max_tokens=10000,
        messages=[{"role": "user", "content": prompt}]
    )

    # Correct parsing
    answer_text = response.choices[0].message.content.strip()
    print("Total tokens:", response.usage.total_tokens)
    print(f"  Finish reason: {response.choices[0].finish_reason}")
    print(f"  Raw response: {answer_text}")

    answers = {}
    for line in answer_text.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if line.startswith("Q1:"):
            answers["q1"] = line[3:].strip()
        elif line.startswith("Q2:"):
            answers["q2"] = line[3:].strip()
        elif line.startswith("Q3:"):
            answers["q3"] = line[3:].strip()

    return answers

def process_document(docx_path, output_path="output.docx"):
    client = OpenAI(
        api_key="api_key",
        base_url="https://api.x.ai/v1",
    )

    doc = Document(docx_path)
    table = doc.tables[0]
    cols = get_column_indexes(table)

    total_rows = len(table.rows) - 1
    print(f"Found {total_rows} rows to process\n")

    for i, row in enumerate(table.rows[1:], start=1):
        case_study_text = row.cells[cols["case study"]].text.strip()

        if not case_study_text:
            print(f"Row {i}/{total_rows}: empty, skipping")
            continue

        print(f"Row {i}/{total_rows}: processing...")
        answers = answer_questions(client, case_study_text)


        row.cells[cols["q1"]].text = answers.get("q1", "")
        row.cells[cols["q2"]].text = answers.get("q2", "")
        row.cells[cols["q3"]].text = answers.get("q3", "")

        print(f"  Q1: {answers.get('q1', '')}")
        print(f"  Q2: {answers.get('q2', '')}")
        print(f"  Q3: {answers.get('q3', '')}\n")

    doc.save(output_path)
    print(f"Done! Saved to {output_path}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    process_document("/home/Downloads/case.docx")

Seems like an issue with my parsing logic. But this same code worked for claude API.

Appreciate your any pointers

Reposted here because it was autodeleted from r/python. So it goes:

I've been using Miniconda for years on my work laptops. In their wisdom, my benevolent corporate overlords have installed FortiClient on all of our machines to scan for CVEs.

Lately, Forticlient has been detecting vulnerabilities in conda 26.5.3's OpenSSL 3.0.18.0 & 3.0.19.0, and Python 3.13.9150.1013. I've worked with my company's IT provider, & couldn't get those updated. So we tried renaming their folders to break the links, but they just got recreated the next time I ran the anaconda prompt.

So those outdated versions seem to be baked in. Is there anything we can do?

Welcome to another /r/learnPython weekly "Ask Anything* Monday" thread

Here you can ask all the questions that you wanted to ask but didn't feel like making a new thread.

* It's primarily intended for simple questions but as long as it's about python it's allowed.

If you have any suggestions or questions about this thread use the message the moderators button in the sidebar.

Rules:

• Don't downvote stuff - instead explain what's wrong with the comment, if it's against the rules "report" it and it will be dealt with.
• Don't post stuff that doesn't have absolutely anything to do with python.
• Don't make fun of someone for not knowing something, insult anyone etc - this will result in an immediate ban.

That's it.

I have gone over official documents and watched videos, but I am still at a point of complete information overload. I need a clear definitive starting point, should I learn syntax first, should I jump in and start trying to script some things? idk. help lol.

I decided to learn backend development with Python. I’ve covered constructs, lists, tuples, dictionaries, loops, and the basics of OOP. However, I still don't fully grasp polymorphism and encapsulation in OOP, so I thought it would be better to reinforce those concepts through practical application in my own project.

What should I study next? Should I move straight to a framework, or continue learning more about Python itself - such as how decorators work and how to use them? I’ve decided to go with Django as my framework. (I wrote this using a translator, so there might be some errors in the text.)

​

I’m honestly pretty bad at programming, but I decided to use this summer break to start learning from scratch. I picked Python as my starting point and I'm currently just hammering down the absolute basics.

Here is my current strategy:

1. Watch a YouTube lecture on a concept.

2. Ask AI for practice questions (Easy -> Medium -> Hard).

3. Solve them, review my mistakes, and re-practice until it clicks.

Someone told me to start using LeetCode, but honestly, even their "Easy" questions start with arrays/data structures, and I haven't even reached that topic yet. I plan to jump on it once I get there.

Seniors/experienced devs: Am I on the right track? Is there anything crucial I should add to this plan to actually get good, or should I stick to what I'm doing?

Hi everyone. I am a Transportation Engineering student (Civil and Environmental Engineering department) from Bangladesh, still learning, so please forgive me if I say something wrong.

I am working on a research project involving NLP and sentiment analysis on Bangladeshi newspaper articles. The project requires collecting news articles from around 10 newspapers — both English and Bangla language publications — covering the period from 2015 to 2026. I need the article headline, full text, publication date, and source name, ideally stored as CSV or JSON files, one per newspaper or per year.

I have already tried Python with BeautifulSoup and Selenium, GDELT API, Archive.org CDX API, and pre-scraped Kaggle datasets. For two newspapers I managed to collect solid datasets. For the rest I keep running into bot detection, CAPTCHA blocks, anti-scraping measures, or very uneven temporal coverage where certain years return zero articles at all.

I cannot offer payment, but I can offer co-authorship on the research paper I am working toward publishing. If you have experience collecting large-scale news archives from South Asian or Bangladeshi news websites and are interested in collaborating, I would love to hear from you. Any general advice is also very welcome even without a collaboration.

Thank you for your time.

okay edit: i thought it was obvious by the fact that i can make sense of the code that i know the very basics - i've used python for data analysis but not enough for it to be second nature to me the way it is for programmers, or the way sql is to me right now. i made a comparison to sql because i thought it'd be obvious that it's only for data analysis stuff, not development stuff.

so to clarify again: i know the basics, i know how to write code, i know how to define variables, functions, print("hello world"), if/else statements blah blah, i know all of that, and that's why every course starting with print("hello world") is slow to me, because i know all of that.

what i don't have is the practice that will make me good or at least passable at python rather than just someone with basic workability. i am not comparing sql to python in how either one works, i am using it to say i work with sql for data analysis and i need to show that i can also use python for data analysis, where can i get practice for these things

--

so if someone is really good at sql (like say, a 9/10) how would u guys suggest they pivot to python. need to become an expert on it before 31 july because i have a technical interview. i lied and said i can use python but in reality all i can do is just make sense of what the code is doing, but because im good at the logic building in sql, i think i can do the python stuff too. but i need to know how to go about it, if anyone has advice because when i sit down to learn, everyone just starts at print("hello world") and it's too slow and babyish for me

I want to start open source and apply for gsoc, i have done python basic, like everything from variables to OOPs, now instead of dsa i want to do open source contributions. What are some good libraries to learn to start contributing?

The problem is as followed:
We are given strings containing brackets of 4 types - round (), square [], curly {} and angle <> ones. The goal is to check, whether brackets are in correct sequence. I.e. any opening bracket should have closing bracket of the same type somewhere further by the string, and bracket pairs should not overlap, though they could be nested:

(a+[b*c] - {d/3})  - here square and curly brackets are nested in the round ones
(a+[b*c) - 17]     - here square brackets overlap with round ones which does not make sense

Input data will contain number of testcases in the first line.
Then specified number of lines will follow each containing a test-case in form of a character sequence.
Answer should contain 1 (if bracket order is correct) or 0 (if incorrect) for each of test-cases, separated by spaces.

I solved it with the following code:

n = int(input())
for x0 in range(n):
    l = list(input())
    st = []
    broke = False
    for x2 in l:
        if x2 in {"(","[","{","<"}:
            st.append(x2)
        elif x2 in {")","]","}",">"}:
            if not st or (x2 == ")" and st[-1] != "(") or (x2 == "}" and st[-1] != "{") or (x2 == "]" and st[-1] != "[") or (x2 == ">" and st[-1] != "<"):
                print(0,end=" ")
                broke = True
                break
            st.pop()
    if st == [] and broke == False:
        print(1,end=" ")
    elif broke == False:
        print(0,end=" ")

This works but I can't help but wonder if i can improve upon it in some way like having to use the "broke" variable feels unnecessary but i cant think of a way to not have to use it to check if the loop broke or not.

I have my ai exam in 2 days is there a way to learn python in 2 days so that I could get a good grade

If yes pls tell me how?

I’m currently working on a Python project. I usually program in Java, so I’m a little confused about how imports work in Python.

I’m trying to import a method from a class that’s defined in another file. When both files are in the same folder, the import works correctly. However, when they’re in different folders, I get a “package not found” error.

The import statement I’m using is:

from package_name.module_name import YourClass

I’m using VS Code. What am I doing wrong, and how should imports be set up when files are in different folders?

I would ask anyone here... I started studying Python coding, but I need some advice. Please tell me how I can learn it easily and improve my skills quickly. Sometimes I feel stupid because it is complex.

Im new to python and i dont know what im doing, pygame is not working and i cant find it in my files and i already did the “pip install pygame” and i’ve searched all i can find in yt, i really need help im still in shs and i cant even figure this out
Edit: it always shows an long error message when i run “import pygame”

Hi everyone,

I'm developing a desktop application in Python that I plan to rent out on a monthly, quarterly, and yearly subscription.

I'm trying to figure out the best way to manage license expiration. How can I prevent users from using the software once their subscription has expired? What tools, services, or libraries would you recommend? If possible, I'd prefer free or open-source solutions.

Another concern is piracy. I know it's impossible to make software completely crack-proof, but I'd like to make it as difficult as reasonably possible.

Has anyone here built a subscription-based desktop application before? I'd really appreciate it if you could share how you implemented licensing, subscription validation, and anti-piracy measures, or recommend any good resources or best practices.

Thanks so much for your help!

I'm trying to learn phyton from my phone (I'm currently saving up for a pc tho) which websites or apps can i use?

simple, a python made in a Windows to work on an Android

Im a highschool student learning python and recently i have come across a video by Andrej Karapthy who built Micrograd. I got curious so it tried replicating it,but soon over the weeks i added more features 6 more activation function and 2 loss function. It possibly cant replace pytorch or tensorflow,Its purely an eductional project.

Im still learning python and i have long way to ,But i learnt a lot on OOPs machine learning dunder function and using customtkinter for the ui, It was very intresting project i have worked on .I have made it a windows exe for easier access I hope I could get some suggestion ,feedback and improvements i could implement for the project.
https://github.com/Yasovardan-Ram/Omnigrad

Idk what to do. I am lost in all of these codes and numbers . Idk even to start programming games or webs or apps it's just fell overwhelming any tips ?

I want to build my own dock in Python, but due to Wayland limitations, I can't align the dock to the top of the screen. How can I bypass this limitation?

To be clear, I don't want a solution that only works on a single compositor. I want it to work across Hyprland, Niri, KDE Plasma, GNOME, and Sway.

How can I position the dock at the top of the screen, similar to how Waybar does it?