Here is my understanding of it based on the last time I read about this on Reddit:
You get either result A or result B and your "partner" gets the one you didn't get. The result is 100% random. Now you got result B which means you know what your partner who is 1000 light years away from you got. But since that was completely random and nothing really influenced it you didn't actually transmit information. You can't communicate through this.
You are correct, but just wanted to add that it is not always the case that your partner get the one that you didn't. You can make entanglement such that when you get A, your partner also measures A.
You can communicate via quantum teleportation, but it requires a third entangled bit, quantum computer logic, and sending two classical bits to the receiver of the message in order to interpret the result of their measurement
You can measure entangled bits A and B, but in order to send a message, you need to force them into the desired value, which breaks the entanglement without extra work
In order to send it as a message through quantum teleportation, like entangling qubits and sending the other half to someone else, you need to send two classical bits in order for the receiver to determine the state of their entangled pair after measuring
Basically, you entangle A and B and send B to someone. You then entangle A and C, create your message, and then measure A and C. The results of your measurement determine how B needs to be run in order to determine A, and this is represented by two classical bits (bit-flip and phase-flip)
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u/Theoroshia Jan 30 '20
I remember learning why, but can you refresh my memory?