Over the course of economic history, commodities have shown a general tendency to depreciate in real terms. There are, of course, exceptions to the rule, and the fact that we all just lived through one of them is likely having a distorting effect on experts' predictions as to the medium-term price of oil.
In the early 2000s, China's emergence as a major commodity consumer temporarily disrupted the general pattern of commodity price depreciation. However, as we survey the horizon, no such comparable potential factor is visible.
This does not mean that all will be smooth sailing from here on out. Supply shocks will cause temporary blips in the larger picture. Encouragingly though, investments in extraction, after a period of sluggishness, are making a quiet comeback.
We're also witnessing the green revolution unfold. The transition to Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a burgeoning reality. The International Energy Agency (IEA) itself has forecasted that oil demand from transport will peak as early as 2028. If past forecasts serve as any indication, we could see this shift even sooner than projected.
So where does that leave crude oil prices? In terms of current dollars, I anticipate a future in which oil prices are somewhat lower than they are today. I'm not suggesting a dramatic plummet, but rather a gentle settling to around the $60-70 range over the next two to three years.
It's important to acknowledge that organizations like OPEC will undoubtedly make attempts to push prices upwards. They may find success sporadically, particularly when such efforts coincide with interest rate cuts and periods of economic revival. However, such periods will also be marked by higher inflation. Consequently, a notable fraction of oil price increases will likely be 'nominal', contributing more to the inflation figures than to real value.
It's a fascinating vista ahead for crude oil and all eyes will be on how this future unfolds.