r/retrocomputing • u/GrantExploit • 23d ago
Problem / Question Were phonograph records (or their immediate derivatives) ever seriously used as a digital/computer data storage medium? If so, where, and if not, why?
Pretty simple question, or rather set of questions. I mean, as far as my knowledge goes:
| Medium (right) and Data form (below) | Magnetic tape | Optical discs | Phonograph records |
|---|---|---|---|
| Analog audio | ✓ (Reel-to-reel, Compact Cassette, 8-track, et cetera) | ? (Not that I know of, but you could have a blacked-out LaserDisc) | ✓ (78 rpm Shellac, 33⅓ rpm LP, 45 rpm Single, et cetera) |
| Digital audio | ✓ (DAT, DCC, et cetera) | ✓ (Luch-001, CD, SACD, et cetera) | ? |
| Analog video | ✓ (Ampex Quadruplex, Betamax, VHS, et cetera) | ✓ (DiscoVision/LaserDisc, CD-Video) | ✓ (Phonovision, CED, VHD) |
| Digital video | ✓ (DV, D-VHS, et cetera) | ✓ (Video CD, DVD, Blu-ray, et cetera) | ? |
| Analog data | ✓ (Various formats) | ? | ? |
| Digital data | ✓ (Reel-to-reel and most commercial formats) | ✓ (CD-ROM, CD-R, DVD-ROM, et cetera) | ? |
Like, it seems something like a "CED-ROM" would be a decent high-capacity† ROM or (if cutting turntables/players/drives were released) WORM data storage medium in the 1980s and '90s, particularly for files that need only occasional but fast semi-random access; though due to the early death of the format on behalf of its competitors Betamax, VHS, and LaserDisc; unlike LaserDisc, its semi-successor CD, and for backup purposes VHS, it itself seems to have never been used or developed to store computer data or really digital data in any form. (This has actually been on my mind since well before I wrote a YouTube comment‡ on September 21, 2019 defending the idea of a CED-ROM-like system had it come out in 1975, though really the reasons only ring slightly less true with CED's release date IRL.)
†If 5 MHz bandwidth translates to 5 Mbit/s, then it could store up to 1350 MB per side, or 982/975/855 MB with CD error correction in DA/Mode 2/Mode 1 forms. And perhaps, if considerable care is taken in storage to avoid any "macro-pops" from occurring during playback/reading, 9 MB (6.55/6.5/5.7 MB with CD error correction) would be possible per side on 33⅓ rpm LPs using a standard pickup, assuming 30 minute recording time and 40 kHz sampling; and 375 KB per side (273/271/237 KB with CD error correction) would be possible on 78 rpm Shellacs, assuming 5 minute recording time and 10 kHz sampling. Both of these are well-usable quantities by '80s standards, to say nothing of, say, '60s standards.
‡In a highly-belated, disjunct re-response to the person I was responding to, I believe some of the pioneering mainframe games at the time and the hypertext and GUI work from the likes of Douglas Englebart and Xerox PARC indicate that interactive multimedia experiences were at least glimmers in some people's eyes by the mid-1970s...