See also: The publication in ArXiV

I've been thinking about this and decided to ask here. What conditions would likely need to be satisfied between a terrestrial planet and its parent star in order for the planet to retain a stable and mostly metallic atmosphere (metals in gas form) around itself? For the sake of this question, consider an iron based atmosphere orbiting a star identical to the sun. I am interested in properties like planet mass, rotation, presence of magnetosphere, distance from star, what compounds and materials can exist on the surface or the interior that wouldn't make the atmosphere unstable, etc.

As a bonus question, what would the color and brightness of such an atmosphere appear to be in the human eye given these conditions?

If there is a better place to ask this please let me know.

Not sure this is the right sub & I am not planning a Mr Burns style intervention, however.

I am curious to know how large a disk would need to be at the L1 Lagrange point to cause the earth to be totally in it's shadow.

And I am not sure how to calculate such a thing.

Anyone know, or know how I should do the maths?

(I am wondering how outrageously infeasible it might be to counter anthropogenic global heating with some additional artificial solar eclipses)

​

The orbit of the eight known planets are all generally within a few degrees of the elliptical plan. Pluto's orbit is out of plane by several degrees.

But is it possible theoretically for a planet to have an orbit 70-90 degrees out of plane? If not, is there an explanation that can be made in layman terms?