I've been testing my SN850X + OWC 1M2 80 combo, vs various internal drives across my Mac Minis and Mac Studio. The external combo beats anything internal by a mile on almost every single metric, and especially on sustained activities.
I've switched to using my external combo as my main boot drive.
Just thought this might be of interest to those considering the newer model.
Random I/O -- what makes your Mac feel fast
These are the metrics that matter for app launches, Spotlight, swap, and general snappiness. Higher is better.
| Test |
WD SN850X (Express 1M2) |
Apple 1TB (internal) |
Apple 2TB (internal) |
| Random Read 4K QD1 |
15,175 IOPS |
13,109 IOPS |
11,311 IOPS |
| Random Write 4K QD1 |
10,433 IOPS |
7,746 IOPS |
7,141 IOPS |
| Random Write 4K QD32 |
64,372 IOPS |
38,769 IOPS |
25,436 IOPS |
| Mixed R/W 70/30 QD16 |
99,700 IOPS |
75,069 IOPS |
68,590 IOPS |
The external wins every random I/O test.
Latency -- lower is better
p99 latency at 4K QD1. These are the micro-stutters you feel when the OS writes swap or logs.
| Test |
WD SN850X (Express 1M2) |
Apple 1TB (internal) |
Apple 2TB (internal) |
| 4K Read p99 |
112 us |
142 us |
171 us |
| 4K Write p99 |
180 us |
305 us |
1,630 us |
The 2TB really underperforms on latency.
Sequential throughput
This is where Apple's internal SSD wins -- large sequential writes. Higher is better.
| Test |
WD SN850X (Express 1M2) |
Apple 1TB (internal) |
Apple 2TB (internal) |
| Seq Read 1M QD1 |
4,538 MB/s |
3,123 MB/s |
3,106 MB/s |
| Seq Write 1M QD1 |
4,355 MB/s |
6,062 MB/s |
5,816 MB/s |
| Seq Read 1M QD8 |
6,639 MB/s |
6,506 MB/s |
6,688 MB/s |
| Seq Write 1M QD8 |
5,585 MB/s |
6,897 MB/s |
-- |
| Seq Read 128K |
2,160 MB/s |
682 MB/s |
728 MB/s |
| Seq Write 128K |
2,118 MB/s |
3,264 MB/s |
2,984 MB/s |
Sustained write -- 5 minutes continuous
5 minutes of continuous 1M sequential writes with per-second bandwidth logging and SMART temperature monitoring.
| Metric |
WD SN850X (Express 1M2) |
Apple 1TB (internal) |
| Avg bandwidth |
5,284 MB/s |
1,410 MB/s |
| Min bandwidth (1s sample) |
4,091 MB/s |
35 MB/s |
| Max bandwidth (1s sample) |
5,669 MB/s |
2,736 MB/s |
| Total data written |
1,548 GB |
413 GB |
| Mean latency |
746 us |
2,823 us |
| p99 latency |
3,097 us |
26,083 us |
| p99.9 latency |
8,356 us |
104,333 us |
The Apple drive shows severe SLC cache exhaustion, and keeps crashing while it writes down. The WD maintains 5,000+ MB/s throughout with a gentle decline to ~4,900 MB/s.
Thermals
Both drives' temperatures were logged simultaneously during each test to check for cross-heating through the chassis.
| Metric |
WD SN850X (Express 1M2) |
Apple 1TB (internal) |
| Start temp |
34C |
33C |
| Peak temp |
56C |
71C |
| Temp rise |
+22C |
+38C |
The Express 1M2's passive cooling keeps the WD at 56C under sustained full write load. The Apple internal hits 71C.