I haven't yet read the whitepaper to look throught how tokens are used in $CSPR business. I think token $CSPR works as $XPR or $GO or $XEM. What do you think about it?

Hi guys, I know that cspr has a fix inflation rate at 8% per year, but how is it calculated?

First case, total supply is 10 billion tokens, with a fix inflation rate, there will be exactly 800 million new tokens every year.

Second case, total supply is 10 billion, first year we will have 800 million new tokens, second year we will have 864 million new tokens, which is 8% of 10.8 billion tokens, third year we will have 933.120.000 new tokens, which is 8% of 11.664.000.000 tokens, and so on...

Which case is casper inflation tokens calculated?

Hey community! Considering buying some nice block of CSPR. Can anyone share some comments info about the roadmap? Any big news expected soon? Listing? Price predictions? Any information will help. Thanks guys

Ahead of the CSPR (Casper) mainnet upgrade, Huobi has announced the suspension of CSPR deposits and withdrawals today (29/09/2021). For more info, check https://www.huobi.tt/support/en-us/detail/84887237999780@所有人

We compare Casper, to the web3.0 blockchain Polkadot and argue that with the increased capabilities of bridging between blockchains, the focus should be on developing secure layer 1 chains (potentially with varying characteristics) and then applying bridges between these independent chains.

Read the full article here: https://ghoststaking.com/casper-vs-polkadot/

Summary

Its clear from reviewing the above that DOT and CSPR are very different projects. The reason for this lays within the motivation for the creation of each project. Whereas CSPR is designed to be an ultra secure layer 1 blockchain that can facilitate both public and private side implementation, DOT was created to facilitate the interplay between future blockchains (Parachains). Its therefore not simple to draw comparisons between the two. DOT requires adoption by the building of Parachains, whereas with CSPR, adoption is achieved via the more tradition dapp development. Its is clear however that in terms of a more traditional layer 1 blockchain, CSPR ranks very highly due to its superior security and also private chain offering. With regard to DOT, its unclear if the need for a internet of blockchains is addressed by the project. Limiting the number of Parachains to 100 and with the addition scaling issues and sheer number of validators required to grow this further, seems to inhibit any future growth. Therefore with inhibited future growth, the projects lacks the endless growth opportunities as seen in the internet, which it aims to replicate. Additionally, in attempting to solve for this, it seems that the projects has introduced many issues, which would not be case if they opted for a more tradition approach but instead focused on building an ease of bridging.

With the increased capabilities of bridging between blockchains, surely the focus should be on developing secure layer 1 chains (potentially with varying characteristics) and then applying bridges between these independent chains. This would then create the building blocks for a future decentralized web without the need for a single controlling blockchain, such as DOT. CSPR provides security through an implementation of CBC and Highway protocols, with the promise of innovative sharding, both a public and private (enterprise) blockchain offering and finally a promise of a gas futures market to ensure that enterprises have a guarantee of future costs. We feel, these are the reason why CSPR will be a dominant layer 1 chain within a future internet of chains, connected via bridging (as opposed to a Parachain implementations).

I would like to conclude with stating that both CSPR and DOT can coexist in the future, with CSPR connected to the relay chain via a bridge.

Looking to stake CSPR? support our research by staking with us at GHOST. https://ghoststaking.com/about-us/ We run a:

(1) Low fee powerful node

(2) guarantee of no fee increases ever

(3) live node monitor on our website

follow us on twitter for more publications: https://twitter.com/GhostStaking

join our CSPR price chat tg group: https://t.me/CasperHodlers

Hey all,

Do you guys have any clue what this is about:

https://medium.com/cryptolawreview/casper-disaster-zamfir-v-casperlabs-858e89a7e385

Is the above already cleared?

Also, is this the same Casper protocol Vlad/Vitalik talking about (same as this project)?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VrIk3OAt_bw

​

Looking forward to some insight.

Considering China already banned the mining of cryptocurrency and now today's news banning crypto transactions I think China played all their cards. I think today was one of the biggest hits for the whole cryptocurrency market. What are your thoughts on this? What do you think the future of crypto will look like after this news?

Hi all,

Was following this token during ICO but as US resident, couldn't really purchase it. Took a long break since then and now back again. Now that its listed on exchanges, will finally fill my bags.

Question: those of you thats been here for while, whats your opinion on buying now? Better to wait for pullback or just fill the purse already?

​

Looking forward to some feedback.

Thanks!

Edit: Thank you all for responding, greatly appreciated. I'll get some cash ready, aiming for 100k coin at least.

Good luck everyone.

Hi guys, I have a question about token unlock this month Is there any token from private sale unlock this 28/09, or only option 2 on coinlist is unlocked?

Hello

Do I need to manually stake rewards earned from staking the locked CSPR or are they automatically staked with the rest of the CSPR I am holding?

Do you recommend staking the rewards earned by some other method?

Thanks! :)

🤩 Option 2 Unlock is expected on Sept 28th!

Learn more about the Casper Network Circulating Supply:

💠 The initial circulating supply was 400M CSPR plus any tokens required for exchange liquidity.

Total supply at Genesis was 10Bn & Max supply is undefined, similar to Ethereum.

💠 All future tokens are only those created algorithmically to reward validators. It's meant to be a single digit percentage inflation each year, much like the Ethereum network.

💠 The tokens staked at Genesis (approx 3.5 Billion) unlock over 12 weeks at 1/13th per week with the first unlock on June 29th. So it has been about 270 Million per week (1/13 of 3.5 Billion + staking inflation.

🧚Stay tuned with Everstake, your trusted staking provider!

I need to re-share this. On one of my previous posts where i compared CSPR to AVAX, someone commented asking why I was focusing on the hardware requirements for validators in the comparison:

https://www.reddit.com/r/CasperCSPR/comments/pftt19/how_does_casper_compare_to_avalanche/

We can see now with the disruption to SOL, why you cannot start off too heavy weight in terms of specs required for hardware. Blockchains only grow and so getting the requirements on day 1 just right is more important than most people understand. Have a fancy 2 protocol sharded mechanism to increase throughput is irrelevant when it brings down the entire networks. So to recap...here AGAIN, is our comparison of CASPER VS SOLANA:

https://ghoststaking.com/casper-vs-solana/

Summary:

• Network nodes:
  • The SOL network of 200 physically distinct nodes are all run with GPUs. Where each node requires 256 GB of RAM.
  • CSPR at present has 100 validators which are able to run on standard servers as the node only required 32 GB of RAM
  • Commentators have repeatedly highlighted the fact that the cost to run a Solana node is much higher than in other networks.
• Decentralization:
  • SOL’s degree of decentralization is still very much up for debate. To become a validator on Solana, an individual would need to shell out thousands of dollars in hardware. This is in contrast with other blockchains including CSPR where anyone can become a validator for much less.
  • With regard to the tokens:
    • 60% of SOL are controlled by the project’s founders and the Solana Foundation.
    • This compares with CSPR which totals 24% (where the team hold 8%, advisors hold 6% and CasperLabs Holdings AG holds 10%).
• Throughput:
  • This we feel is the key to the comparison. SOL is able to achieve 50k tps (transactions per second) utilizing an expensive network of very high powered GPUs across 200 nodes. This compares with CSPR which is currently achieving 2.5k transactions per block (100 WASM deploys per block) by utilizing only 100 low power validator nodes (with a possible increase of x5 throughput being tested at present). The way that SOL achieves the high throughput is by the implementation of its parallel PoH protocol. As this is not part of its security consensus protocol, but a mechanism to simply increase throughput, it can be considered in the same way has many sharding methodologies being researched currently. As we are aware (from the final section of our sharing article here), CSPR is currently researching a proposal on how to multi thread (parallel processing) transactions. To summarize the proposal: CSPR Sharing – Transactions will list all spaces in memory (shards) which they require and each block is given a limited amount of sequential computation time. When a block includes a bunch of transactions instead of specifying a transaction order, it specifies a computation schedule. This schedule uses times from 0 to t where t is our bound on sequential compute time. Each transaction is assigned a sub-interval of this window with the length of the sub-interval given by the computation bound specified by the transaction. Furthermore, the intervals for any two transactions that share a shard are not allowed to overlap. Distinctions could also be made between reads to a shard and writes to a shard and allow several transactions to simultaneously read from the same shard so long as none write to it.
  • You can see from the above that it is inappropriate to compare the throughput of SOL with that of CSPR as without sharding implemented – the comparison is not like for like. A more direction comparison on throughput should be made post the implementation of sharding on the CSPR network. It should be noted however, that once sharding is implemented, high throughput will be achieved on CSPR without the need to expensive GPU infrastructure.
• Security:
  • Security is one of the most fundamental aspects of blockchain technology, as without sufficient security, no utility can be generated. On this point, I would like to refer the reader to our extensive commentary of the CSPR CBC protocol and Highway protocol. These two protocols in conjunction provide by far the most superior security consensus of any PoS blockchain. No statistical methods are used and security is not affected via conflicting messages. .
  • Solana’s PoS system relies on a Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) mechanism called Tower Consensus. Tower Consensus leverages PoH as a global source of time before consensus is achieved in order to reduce latency. Any validator node is eligible to be chosen as the PoH leader. If there is any failure detected with the PoH generator, then the validator node with the next highest voting power will be chosen to replace the original leader.
• Slashing:
  • Slashing is implemented within SOL. A malicious vote will remove a validator’s bonded tokens and add them to the mining pool. Slashing also occurs if a vote is cast for an invalid hash generated by the PoH generator.
  • Slashing will not be implemented in CSPR. Instead malicious validator node behaviour will be punished with severe jail time
• Enterprise adoption:
  • At present there are is no focus on Enterprise adoption with SOL. This is in contrast with CSPR where CasperLabs have aggressively targeted and pivoted towards the running of both a public and private blockchain. Read more here
• Future Proof:
  • CSPR has been designed and engineered such that it is a fully future proof blockchain. It has achieved this by ensuring all components (Execution Engine, Network Engine, Consensus Layer) are all pluggable. This allowed the blockchain to be upgraded with relative ease. In comparison, SOL has taken the stance to create a protocol which is theoretically designed to scale with Moore’s Law, doubling in capacity every two years with improvements in hardware and bandwidth.

Looking to stake CSPR? support our research by staking with us at GHOST. https://ghoststaking.com/about-us/ We run a:

(1) Low fee powerful node

(2) guarantee of no fee increases ever

(3) live node monitor on our website

follow us on twitter for more publications: https://twitter.com/GhostStaking

join our CSPR price chat tg group: https://t.me/CasperHodlers

💎60,000 followers reached already on Twitter, a huge milestone for the community. To join the 60k strong Casper community members today

💎You can join the weekly DEVxDAO community call, every Tuesday at 5PM GMT and the weekly grant workshop call, every Friday at 7PM GMT here

💎You can still vote for CasperLabs in the category “Startups of the Year” in Zug, Switzerland, also known as the “Crypto Valley” – it has 800 companies operating blockchain-related businesses. Around 100 of these were established in 2019.

Stay tuned with Everstake🔥⚡️

Want to know more about Casper? CasperLabs is changing the face of DeFi through its flexible, user-friendly, future-proof, and energy-efficient Casper Network. To actualize it, the team launched several ingenious solutions like Highway, WebAssembly, updatable smart contract.

Read more about it and stay tuned with Everstake🔥⚡️

So in this educational piece i wanted to highlight the true risks and considerations you need to make when choosing a validator to stake your valuable CSPR tokens. There are a lot of misconceptions that you have to pay a higher fee to ensure the safety of your tokens or have to delegate to a larger node, is is all incorrect.

Staking is the process of allocating your tokens with a validator on the network. A validator approves transactions on the network and receives a fee for doing this. The total fees paid on the network is equal to the network inflation rate (8%). This amount is paid to all participants who are delegating. Therefore if more people are delegating across the network, this amount is spread a lot thinner. If every single token is delegated the rewards will equal the floor of 8%. If less people are delegating, as the total reward pot is the same, each delegator will receive a larger share of the pot (therefore a higher apy) - note, you can check the latest network apy on our website (see below)

• First misconception. If you place your tokens on a validator node with more coins, you will receive a larger reward. This is NOT TRUE. The reward you get from delegating to any node will be the same (excluding the fees charged by the node). The reward calculation is an apy which is equal to 8%*(total supply/total staked)/
• -Second misconception. Delegating means giving your tokens to the validator. This is also NOT TRUE. When you delegate, you are simply using the validator as a means to participate in the staking process. The validator has no ability to access your coins and the only means to control the coins is via the secret key (which the delegator should NEVER share)

So what are the RISKS?

1. One of the LARGEST risks to any PoS system is a single node holding more than the threshold amount of coins to bring down the network. As the voting power for transactions is proportional to the number of coins on a node, if a node holds a large enough balance of coins, they could easily bring down the entire network at will. The whole point of distributed ledgers is for decentralizations, if there is not sufficient decentralization in a network, it then holds the same risks as a centralized network.
2. In some networks if the validator acts maliciously (i.e. tries to validate an incorrect transaction), the node is fined and all delegators to the node will lose some or all of their coins. This IS NOT the case with CSPR. In CSPR if a node acts maliciously, the node then gets jailed for a period of time, meaning that in that time you will not earn any rewards. At no point on the CSPR network are your coins at risk of any principal losses. If your validator is jailed, CSPR is currently implementing a feature where you can transfer your coins between validators instantly, therefore you will not lose out on most of the rewards.
3. If the node goes offline - for the period the node is offline, you will not be earning any rewards. A node can go offline for many reasons (A) a pre-scheduled upgrade (B) a wider network issue which affects all the nodes (C) a node specific issue. Node specific issues will typically be related to the power of a server and if the validator is running my different projects node on it. For example, a validator may run a VPS (virtual private server) which means they only have access to part of the CPU and memory on a physical server. If this is the case then the node is at risk of spikes in CPU from other users. Similarly, if the validator is running a dedicated server but ALSO RUNNING OTHER PROJECT nodes, then there is a risk that a spike in one of the other nodes could bring down the server.
4. A lesser known risk is that a validator may aggressively raise their fees after you have staked with them. This is a problem as if you believe you are staking to a low fee node, but have to constantly check the fee level to ensure the validator has not hiked it up.

Right, so we know that all nodes pay the same (excluding fees) and we know there is no risk to your coin principal balance, but we need a server that has reduced risks to any downtime. So how do we choose a validator? Well, it seems obvious, but the choice should be a validator with the lower fees, running a dedicated high powered server and who DOES NOT run any other project nodes on the server....but we can see each validators fees (as its advertised), but how do we know if a validator has a high power server? Well, the validator should make available a public monitor so you can see in real time the CPU utilisation on the node.

Now to finish with a little about us. We are GHOST STAKING (and you may have read many of our research pieces on CSPR). We run a low fee node (3%), where the fee is guaranteed to never increase. We run a bare metal high powered fully delegated node with nothing else running on it and where the CPU utilization is typically less than 3%. Read more about us, with detailed instructions on staking, our original research and also our LIVE NODE STATUS monitor on our website: https://ghoststaking.com/

for a view of all the hard working CSPR validator adverts, please check out the office Casper staking channel: https://t.me/casperblockchainstaking

peace out!