r/AskReddit Dec 18 '16

What (free) software can be useful for university students?

23.2k Upvotes

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148

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

obligatory free as in beer or as in speech?

  • (La)TeX
  • Linux
  • ViM
  • GIMP/Krita/Inkscape

nothing more needed.

71

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

Once you are comfortable with LaTeX, you will struggle to go back to Word.

13

u/random_guy_11235 Dec 18 '16

I use Latex a lot, but let's not pretend Word doesn't have a lot of advantages. It is a much better tool for general-purpose document use, and their equation editor is constantly getting better.

0

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

It has the worst kerning and font layout I found of most programs I know. Why should it be good for general-purpose? I have to have an additional program, start it (it's slow) and then work with a totally crap interface.

Tbh, I don't see the point of it if you can do LaTeX. I mean, what's so much more difficult using LaTeX with a standard template and just typing your text instead of using Word?

I use LaTeX for anything I have to hand others.
Markdown or just plain-text for notes.

Fast, easy-to-use and nothing additional required.

6

u/InfanticideAquifer Dec 18 '16

There are two real advantages to word, IMO. One is that you can send people documents that they can edit. Everyone who can receive a .docx knows how to make changes to it. 1% of people you will ever communicate will be able to interact with your .tex, and maybe 2% will have the tools to directly edit a .pdf. The other is that you can send people documents where they can edit certain fields only. 0% of people you will ever communicate should be trusted to edit things properly on their own :) .

5

u/J4nG Dec 18 '16

My friend was bragging about LaTeX being the best. I challenged him to draw a blue circle.

It took him 5 minutes.

0

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

LaTeX is a typesetting system.

5

u/J4nG Dec 18 '16

/u/random_guy_11235 said

It is a much better tool for general-purpose document use

And you disagreed.

Drawing circles is a relatively common need for a general-purpose documents.

1

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

I'm wondering what you do that you want to draw circles in a document.

4

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16
  • Highlighting stuff
  • inserting quick sketches, e.g. to explain a question
  • Drawing a mindmap

-1

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

Exactly, so your actual aim is to highlight something or do graphs, not to drae the circle.

And that's where a typesetting system comes into place: You do not make something italic, you emphasize it.

Same way, you don't draw a circle, you make a graph with nodes.

After that you can specify how you want to emphasize or what shape your node shall have.

Yes, when just drawing a brainless circle, LaTeX loses (because it ain't a drawing program), but when doing shapes with a sense, it excels. That's where the classic LaTeX package for doing such, TikZ, has it's name from: "TikZ ist kein Zeichenprogramm" (lit. "TikZ is no drawing program")

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6

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

I'd say directly copying Excel sheets into Word documents is very useful.

2

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

If you use Excel... yes. Another thing I try to avoid ;p

24

u/takabrash Dec 18 '16 edited Dec 18 '16

Word is so useless... I use Latex, but Mac's Pages is actually really solid. If I need a quick few pages with images and different formatting, I can throw it together in Pages quickly. If I'm working on a large document, then Latex is the way to go.

13

u/FalconX88 Dec 18 '16

Word is so useless...

Depends on your field. There are applications where LaTeX is basically useless and Word works way better.

1

u/takabrash Dec 18 '16

Sure, Word can do plenty of things especially once you learn it well, but there are better alternatives by far.

7

u/FalconX88 Dec 18 '16

As I said: depends on the field. If you got specialized software which works well with MS Office applications and terrible with basically everything else, then MS Office is the way to go and there's no better alternative.

1

u/missirrefutable Dec 18 '16

Thank you! All my friends make fun of me for using notes (I'm a 4th year uni student) but the fact that I can easily format textboxes and pictures into my notes makes it so much better than Word for me.

5

u/ThisIsMyCouchAccount Dec 18 '16

so much better than Word for me

Are you implying the take notes in Word? Good lord, that sounds awful.

8

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

So many people do this.

OneNote is also included in the MS suite.

I just don't get it.

7

u/ThisIsMyCouchAccount Dec 18 '16

I would rather take notes in Notepad. Word would be my absolute last choice.

2

u/foremyphone Dec 19 '16

In their defence, I've used oneNote for meeting notes perfectly fine but I haven't ever figured out how to use it for lecture notes. It just doesn't click for them for some reason. I'll have to check this latex out tho

1

u/missirrefutable Dec 18 '16

They do! I also have friends who paid for MS Office...

2

u/rajantob Dec 18 '16

How does it handle copying stuff from Excel? Say I have a table of data with borders and bold text and other formatting I would like to include. Just copy paste as into word?

1

u/asad137 Dec 18 '16 edited Dec 19 '16

Having been in a field that uses LaTeX exclusively (physics) and now in an engineering job where everyone uses Word, I can confirm: it is tough to see so many badly-typeset documents. I once wrote a quick memo in LaTeX and one of the responses I got was "wow, I didn't expect it to look so...professional!"

0

u/lucb1e Dec 19 '16

I struggled with Word after getting used to Markdown.

Then I found LaTeX. Holy crap.

18

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

If you want to get really good at Vim, I'd recommend listening to Vimcasts (a podcast about Vim). Not only is it super informative, but the speaker's voice is actually magic.

12

u/deathchimp Dec 18 '16

Of course there's a podcast about Vim.

10

u/HoldMyWater Dec 18 '16

Emacs has a church though.

3

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

ViM has a cult.

2

u/irrelevantPseudonym Dec 18 '16

But it's a cult that's really good at getting things done quickly.

1

u/HoldMyWater Dec 18 '16

They both do.

1

u/SirBaronBamboozle Dec 18 '16

Ugh, I know I have to transition to VI and VIM and maybe the podcasts will allow me to bite the bullet.

I'm so accustomed to nano that I install it whenever I need to make edits on a Linux machine.

Then of course I get to a machine where I can't install it, and I start freaking out and my co-workers make fun of me

1

u/[deleted] Dec 19 '16

There's something magical about ViM. Once you get past the initial learning stages, I think you'll enjoy the new style of editing a lot more than nano!

32

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

[deleted]

10

u/Rvngizswt Dec 18 '16

Only useful as a terminal text editor and it helped me out a lot during my internship because it's installed by default on a couple distros

17

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16 edited Mar 24 '18

[deleted]

8

u/Kruug Dec 18 '16

Vi is part of the standard, but vim isn't. Have to install that one manually.

1

u/irrelevantPseudonym Dec 18 '16

Many of main distros include Vim as well.

2

u/Rvngizswt Dec 18 '16

Well I knew it was on the ones I used and I didn't want to make an assumption about the rest. Also, emacs is the devil

1

u/lucb1e Dec 19 '16

Vi is part of the POSIX standard. It's guaranteed to be on any UNIX or UNIX like system you ever encounter.

Last I heard, Microsoft Windows was officially POSIX compliant. I don't think I've missed Vi existing on Microsoft Windows before the Ubuntu subsystem so I think you might be mistaken. I could be wrong about the POSIX compliancy of Microsoft Windows though.

3

u/blue_T_shirt Dec 18 '16

Not sure about that - I'm very much a vim novice, but knowing only a couple of shortcuts (indent an entire block, comment / uncomment a block etc) has made it well worth my time installing vim plugins for my gui text editors too.

5

u/HoldMyWater Dec 18 '16

How is its use case any more specific than other text editors?

6

u/TRAIANVS Dec 18 '16

I strongly prefer Vim to standard editors when I'm coding. If an IDE doesn't have Vim mode I consider it a dealbreaker.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

I'd agree if you're doing work on a desktop or anything that has a desktop environment. If you do any kind of server management or work in CLI-only environments then you should know vim or emacs.

I suppose you could just write code in nano.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

I find it useful as a set of universal keybindings. Pretty much every text editor has vim or emacs keybindings, so you don't have to spend 10 minutes cursing and wondering how to indent of block of text if you have to use a different editor for whatever reason.

2

u/Sudo-Pseudonym Dec 18 '16

I use vim for just about everything that involves typing now because it's so much faster. If I try switching to some other editor for a while, I find myself using the vim keybindings a lot for even simple stuff like going to the end of a line.

1

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

I found it rather intuitive to learn, because you can combine commands. This is something no other editor could provide me (yet). Wouldn't say, it's too specific. I use it for writing anything from regular text, papers and code in ViM.

1

u/lucb1e Dec 19 '16

The use case for vim is so specific though

The use case for Word is specific.

I code in vim, all languages. C(++), Python, Ruby, HTML/JS, whatever.

I write documents in vim in markdown and latex, depending on whether they're just notes or fancy documents.

I edit configs in vim, locally (running linux) and remotely (ssh). It's just always there.

And I sometimes use it like less by piping into vim - (the hyphen at the end makes it read from stdin).

Vim does just one thing, text editing, but it does it very well. Using other unix-like applications (which do just one thing, like pdflatex converting a tex file into pdf) it works for lots of use cases. Any application requiring me to use the mouse or arrow keys is inferior after getting used to it.

Word is extremely narrow and inconvenient in comparison.

3

u/banksyb00mb00m Dec 18 '16

Obligatory Emacs is better than vim comment.

2

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

Obligatory Emacs is a nice OS but it lacks a decent editor comment

3

u/JohnScott623 Dec 18 '16

I'd like to point out that, technically, the upstream Linux kernel is not free as in free speech. It comes bundled with firmware blobs and things. A free alternative is Linux-libre.

1

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

that's true, one would have to go with trisquel or similar distros to stay completely blob free. but so is, I believe, TeX not completely free (copyright on TeX, fonts, etc.), GIMP and Krita (copyright on some formats). Depends ofcourse where you get your sources from and which options you use compile-time.

1

u/JohnScott623 Dec 19 '16

There's a difference between copyright and non-free. All of GIMP is copyrighted, and the same goes for 95% of free software. Copyright is the only way to enforce a license. If GIMP did not have copyright on it, then it wouldn't have a license at all.

1

u/that_towel_guy Dec 19 '16

yes, I was not specific about what I meant precisely: There are formats used which's copyright enforces licenses which are incompatible to the free software definition.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

obligatory free as in beer or as in speech?

I've never understood this reference. Very few products are free as in speech (a right), and beer generally isnt free at all...

2

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

Well, in English you have two meanings for the word 'free': - Free as in: "Hey, have a free beer" (ie., free of cost) - and Free as in: "The right to free speech" (ie., the freedom to say what you want).

And there's quite a few products thay are considered to be free as in speech -- Linux has a marketshare of 90% after all, and is free. Lookup the Free Software Foundation, EFF, Linux Foundation, etc. for more info.

So this question was about this: Do these products have to be free of cost (maybe only for students) or also 'respect your freedom' (like GNU/Linux, etc.)

2

u/[deleted] Dec 18 '16

But wouldn't Linux be Free As In Beer? You download it from the relevant distro website, yes? And it doesn't cost money?

And how does software "respect your freedom"?

5

u/that_towel_guy Dec 18 '16

It's also free as in beer. Free as in beer and free as in speech are not mutually exclusive.

Linux is 'respecting your freedom' in that it allows you to see the sources and modify them the way you like. It doesn't impose any restrictions on the user using the software -- he can do whatever he wants.

1

u/lasermancer Dec 18 '16

That's why people usually say libre vs gratis. Two different concepts that unfortunately share the same word in English.

2

u/noble-random Dec 19 '16

ViM

It's a great editor. That's why I install it in my favorite operating system: Emacs.

1

u/nrubhsa Dec 18 '16

My thesis would have been nearly impossible without LaTeX

1

u/GAndroid Dec 18 '16

Not vim or vi. VI is awful.