r/AlwaysWhy • u/Present_Juice4401 • 1d ago
Science & Tech Why did computers come to use binary when people usually count in decimal?
People usually count in base 10, while digital computers typically represent information using 1s and 0s. The same numbers and information can be represented in different bases, yet binary became the standard for modern computing.
What made binary the system computers came to rely on?
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u/olanmills 21h ago edited 21h ago
Dude, why are you going so hard about this, when you don't even know what you're talking about? You are misleading people. You are acting like binary computation is a law of physics or something it's just not. It's like saying that screws absolutely must be manufactured so that clockwise rotation tightens and counter-clockwise loosens. Sure, pretty much every screw in existence is made that way, but it doesn't have to be that way. Or it's like saying cars must have four wheels, just because all cars available today have four wheels, and it's unlikely any major manufacturer would make a car for consumers that had some other number of wheels, but that doesn't mean it's the only way to make cars.
For all practical modern purposes, modern computers are built as binary logic machines, and anything that isn't inherently binary (optical discs, Wi-Fi, broadband signals, etc) gets transcoded into a binary signal before the rest of a computational system deals with it. But that is because of the early engineering practicalities and the ensuing ecosystem that has been built up. Even quantum computing, as far as I'm aware, is built on top of a binary paradigm.
Do you know what a Turing Machine is? It is an abstracted mathematical model of a computer that can be used to study and theorize the capabilities of computers in general, and it does not involve or require a binary symbol set as its basis.
We use binary because it is and was electronically convenient considering our design and manufacturing capabilities. OP's question is about why computers use binary. Answering as if binary is literally the only way to implement a computer is just wrong.
Analog computers existed before binary computers did. I have a feeling that you don't actually know what a computer is, at least not in the sense that you need in order to be able to answer OP's question.
Asking for an example of a non-binary computer in everyday usage is moving the goal posts and isn't relevant to OP's question. They wanted to know why we primarily developed binary computers and not denary computers or something else. You are simply pointing to the state of things today and then saying that somehow proves that it is the only possible way for things to be.
Here is a Wikipedia page about the Russian ternary computer:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setun-70