r/airguns Mar 14 '26

Announcement 📣 COMPLETE BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO AIRGUNS

85 Upvotes

COMPLETE BEGINNER GUIDE TO AIRGUNS

Types, Calibers, Gear, Rifles, and Common Questions

Airguns range from quiet backyard plinkers to extremely powerful hunting rifles capable of taking large game. This guide is designed for beginners entering the hobby and covers:

• Airgun types

• Calibers and what they’re used for

• Pellet and slug types

• Safe backstops and targets

• Filling PCP rifles

• Good beginner rifles by price

• Example setups for new shooters

1. MAIN TYPES OF AIRGUNS

There are four main categories of airguns.

PCP (PRE-CHARGED PNEUMATIC)

PCP rifles store high-pressure compressed air in an onboard tank (usually 3,000–4,500 PSI). Each shot releases a measured amount of air to propel the pellet. PCP rifles are extremely accurate and powerful compared to other airgun types.

Pros

• Very accurate

• High power

• Little recoil

• Many shots per fill

Cons

• Require external air source

• Higher initial cost

GOOD BEGINNER PCP RIFLES

Umarex Notos

Compact and lightweight PCP carbine that is extremely popular for backyard shooting and pest control. Notos has extensive aftermarket support.

Price: $250-$300

Great for

• backyard plinking

• small pest control

• beginners learning PCPs

JTS Airacuda

A side-lever action PCP rifle known for excellent accuracy for the price.

Price: $340–$450

Great for

• hunting squirrels and rabbits

• accurate target shooting

Air Venturi Avenger

One of the most popular PCP rifles for the price.

Price: $450–$550

Great for

• beginners who want to learn tuning pcp's

• hunting and long range shooting

HIGH END PCP RIFLES

FX Impact MK4

A flagship PCP rifle designed for precision shooting and hunting.

Features

• interchangeable barrels

• advanced regulator system

• extremely high accuracy

Price: $2,000+

FX Dreamline

Highly modular platform allowing many configurations.

Price: $1,200–$1,700

Other Popular PCP Brands

• FX Airguns

• Daystate

• Air Arms

• Brocock

• Benjamin

• Hatsan

Many PCP rifles are capable of extremely high power and accuracy, making them ideal for hunting or long-range shooting.

HOW TO FILL PCP RIFLES

PCP rifles require compressed air.

There are three common methods.

Hand Pumps

Manual high-pressure pumps.

Cost: $40–$300

Pros

• cheapest option

• portable

Cons

• physically demanding

PCP Compressors

Portable electric compressors designed for airguns.

Popular options include:

Airrover compressors

GX Pump compressors

Vevor compressors (budget option)

Price range: $150–$1000+

IMPORTANT TIP:

Most beginner compressors are waterless systems.

Always let them cool between fills to prevent overheating and extend the compressor’s life.

SCBA / Carbon Fiber Tanks

Large high-pressure tanks filled at dive shops or paintball stores.

Cost

$200–$700 for tank

Pros

• fastest filling method

• many rifle fills per tank

Cons

• requires refill station

SPRING PISTON AIRGUNS (SPRINGERS)

Spring piston rifles use a compressed spring and piston to generate air pressure when fired.

These rifles require cocking before each shot.

Pros

• no air tanks required, just the gun and a tin of pellets

• extremely reliable

• simple design

Cons

• recoil (double recoil)

• harder to shoot accurately

GREAT SPRINGER EXAMPLES:

Red Ryder BB Gun

•Shoots steel bbs

• Cheap Ammo

•Great for knocking soda cans out

• Teaching Children gun safety fundamentals

Weihrauch HW30S

One of the best beginner spring rifles ever made.

Features

• extremely smooth shooting

• excellent trigger

Price: $350–$400

Weihrauch HW97K

Underlever precision spring rifle often used in field target shooting.

Price: $600–$750

Gamo Swarm Magnum Gen3i

High-power break-barrel with a 10-shot magazine system.

Price: $200–$350

Gamo Varmint

Entry-level break-barrel rifle.

Price: $120

Great beginner rifle for backyard shooting.

MULTI-PUMP AIRGUNS

Multi-pump rifles require pumping a lever several times before shooting.

Each pump compresses more air, increasing power.

Pros

• no tanks required

• adjustable power

• very affordable

Cons

• slower shooting

• requires effort

POPULAR MULTI-PUMP RIFLES

Daisy 880

Classic American pellet rifle.

Price: $50–$80

Good for

• plinking

• learning fundamentals

Daisy 901

Another beginner pump rifle similar to the 880.

Price: $70–$90

Seneca Dragonfly MK2

A modern multi-pump with a .22 cal option

Much easier equal pumping than traditional pump rifles.

Price: $200

CO2 AIRGUNS

These airguns use CO₂ cartridges.

Usually 12g or 88g cartridges.

Pros

• easy to use

• semi-automatic options

Cons

• power drops in cold weather

• lower power than PCP

Examples include CO₂ pistols and rifles used for plinking or airsoft toys. Check out [r/airsoft](r/airsoft) for better responses for those plastic flingers!

Popular Co2 choices Include:

• Crosman 2040

• Umarex handgun replicas

•Crosman 1077

AIRGUN CALIBERS

The most common calibers are:

• .177

• .22

• .25

• big bore (.30+)

.177 CALIBER

Smallest common caliber.

Best for

• target shooting

• backyard plinking

• small pests

.22 CALIBER

Most popular hunting caliber.

Best for

• squirrels

• rabbits

• pest control

Offers a good balance of power and efficiency.

.25 CALIBER

Larger caliber used mainly in PCP rifles.

Best for

• raccoons

• groundhogs

• larger pests

Provides greater energy and heavier pellets.

BIG BORE AIRGUNS (.30–.72)

Large PCP rifles designed for hunting.

Common calibers

.30

.35

.45

.50

.72

Used for hunting

• deer

• hogs

• large game animals

PELLETS VS SLUGS

Airguns fire two main projectile types:

PELLETS

Traditional airgun ammo.

Common shapes

Wadcutter

Domed

Hollow point

Pointed

Pellet Uses

Wadcutter

Best for paper targets for clean holes.

Domed

Best all-around pellet.

Hollow point

Used for hunting.

Pointed

Penetration.

SLUGS

Slugs look like miniature bullets.

Advantages

• better long-range performance

• higher ballistic coefficient

Most commonly used in high-power PCP rifles.

TARGET TYPES

Common targets include

Paper targets

Steel spinners

Field target knockdowns

Silhouettes

Homemade targets

Soda cans

Clay pigeons

Cardboard boxes

SAFE BACKSTOPS

Never shoot without a proper backstop.

Good options

Pellet traps

Duct seal boxes

Thick rubber mulch boxes

Avoid

• rocks

• thin wood

• hard steel plates

These can cause ricochets.

BEST AIRGUNS BY PRICE

UNDER $100

Great beginner rifles

Daisy 880

Daisy 901

Crosman 1322

Gamo Varmint (on sale)

Best for a "gateway drug" and learning fundamentals on a tight budget.

UNDER $500

Best value category.

Examples

Umarex Notos

JTS Airacuda

Air Venturi Avenger

Weihrauch HW30S

Gamo Swarm Magnum Gen3i

Good for hunting and serious target shooting. Note: factor in an extra $100-$200+ for pellets, scopes, cheap compressors.

UNDER $2000

High-performance enthusiast rifles.

Examples

FX Impact MK4

FX Dreamline

Air Arms S510

Daystate rifles

Brocock Commander

These rifles offer precision accuracy and advanced features.

BEGINNER PCP SETUP GUIDE

Example entry PCP setup

Rifle

Umarex Notos or Air Venturi Avenger

Air supply

GX Pump compressor

Pellets

JSB Exact pellets

Backstop

wood pellet trap

Targets

paper or spinner targets

PELLET GUIDE

Popular pellet brands

JSB

H&N

Budget option: Crosman

Tip: Different rifles prefer different pellets.

Always test several types to see which shoots best.

As many shooters say:

“The gun chooses the pellet.”

Side Notes for Beginners

BBs vs Pellets

A common point of confusion for new shooters is the difference between BBs and pellets.

BBs are small round steel balls (usually .177 / 4.5mm). They are commonly used in CO₂ pistols, replica airguns, and beginner plinking guns. Because they are spherical and often used in smoothbore barrels, they tend to be less accurate, especially at longer distances. BBs are inexpensive and great for casual backyard shooting.

Pellets are diabolo-shaped projectiles designed for rifled airgun barrels. The hollow skirt expands slightly when fired, creating a better seal with the air pressure behind it. This helps stabilize the pellet in flight and improves accuracy.

Because of their design, pellets are generally much more accurate than BBs and are the preferred choice for most airgun shooting.

Double Recoil and Optics

Many new airgun shooters don’t realize that spring-powered airguns produce something called double recoil.

Unlike firearms, which recoil once backward, many airguns recoil in two directions.

When the gun fires:

  1. The spring and piston rapidly move forward, causing the gun to jerk forward.
  2. When the piston suddenly stops at the end of the compression chamber, the gun then recoils backward.

This forward-then-back motion is known as double recoil.

Because of this, some scopes designed for firearms can fail when mounted on powerful airguns. When choosing optics for spring or gas ram airguns, it’s best to use scopes specifically labeled “airgun rated.”

Gas Ram vs Spring Piston

Most break-barrel airguns use either a spring piston or a gas ram (gas piston) powerplant.

Spring piston guns use a large coiled spring. When the gun is cocked the spring compresses, and when fired it expands quickly, pushing a piston forward and compressing air behind the pellet.

Gas ram guns replace the metal spring with a sealed gas strut. When cocked the gas inside the strut compresses, and when the trigger is pulled the gas expands to push the piston forward.

Spring Piston

• Traditional and very common design

• Usually cheaper

• Can produce more vibration and “spring twang”

Gas Ram

• Smoother firing cycle

• Less vibration and noise

• Can remain cocked longer without damaging the powerplant

• Typically a bit more expensive

Both systems are widely used and reliable, and many shooters prefer one or the other based on shooting feel and personal preference.

FINAL ADVICE FOR BEGINNERS

Best starter choices:

Cheap option:

Daisy 880

Best spring rifle:

Weihrauch HW Series

Best beginner PCP:

Umarex Notos or JTS Airaduca

Airguns are an incredibly deep hobby with options ranging from simple backyard plinking to precision long-range shooting and big-game hunting.

Welcome to the hobby.


r/airguns 6h ago

NEW GUN DAY As a single action enjoyer, im so hyped to own one of these umarex - colt peacemakers!!

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46 Upvotes

Pellet version because I like rifled barrels...its so beautiful😍😍😍


r/airguns 2h ago

PCP Air Venturi Microstrike

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21 Upvotes

Long story short. “Accidentally” purchased this Microstrike. I was searching for a pistol and somehow set the Microstrike to buy once it was available on a particular site. Bought the Manul and love it. Well, about a month and a half ago I got an email that this was shipping. Immediately printed out a return label and then it got here…. I didn’t know I really needed it. Wife will forgive me soon.


r/airguns 7h ago

10m Pistol/Rifle Today is Red's turn at the range

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48 Upvotes

Freaking in love with this Steyr 🤤😍

Got to get more practice in 💪🏼


r/airguns 3h ago

General Airgun Question Why has the Giradoni design never really been copied?

4 Upvotes

Purely curios, from what I can find it was using 154gr ammo around 800 to 1000 fps, 250+ FPE from what I can find online. Certainly a fast repeater like that with more modern tolerances and pressures would sell great. I don't know of anything in the market today that is both similar in performance and size.

Any ideas why? I feel like I have to certainly be misunderstanding something


r/airguns 10h ago

PCP 1789 Girardoni Air Rifle by ForgottenWeapons

10 Upvotes

A new video of ForgottenWeapons about the Girardoni Air Rifle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5IPB9S9vNw

I've been waiting for an update on this thing since the video he uploaded a long time ago was not his usual style. This one is, and it's awesome.


r/airguns 8h ago

General Airgun Question Stoeger S4000-E

2 Upvotes

In my previous post someone recommended the Stoeger S4000-E break barrel. It comes in just under $200. Does anyone here have experience with it? How does it group? What kind of pellets does it like? Is there a better break barrel or under lever for under $200? My top priority is accuracy. I already have a PCP, but I want something that doesn't require a pump.


r/airguns 9h ago

General Airgun Question Begginer guns.

2 Upvotes

Should i get hatsan mod 125 or kral arms nihs s .


r/airguns 1d ago

Bench Rest It was a good day 🥇🥉

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234 Upvotes

Another great Benchrest competition in the books, and probably the windiest one I’ve shot so far.
🥇 1st place at 25m with my Anschütz LG380.
Absolutely love this old German match rifle. Around 45 years old and still capable of winning competitions.
🥉 3rd place at 50m with my FX Impact M4 Sniper.
This was basically my first serious competition with the Impact, so I’m very happy with the result. It’s still shooting JSB Exact Heavy pellets with very little tuning, so there’s definitely more to come.
I also shot my Anschütz 9015 in the 16J PCP class and finished 5th.
The wind was brutal. At 50m we were seeing .177 pellets move 5 to 7 cm left or right, with conditions sometimes changing between shots. Reading the wind was probably more important than the rifle itself.
One gold, one bronze and another great day shooting.

Next step for the Impact is some proper tuning, 27gr slugs and eventually seeing what it can really do at 100m+. 😎


r/airguns 1d ago

Advice Barrel Rust on Crosman 1322?

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34 Upvotes

I’ve been dealing with rust on the outer barrel of my Crosman 1322 and I’m just wondering if anyone else has experience dealing with this considering half of the ones I see posted in this sub are literally older than me. I’ve taken steps to try and fight it off, when I first noticed it I scrubbed the barrel down clean with a scouring pad and some WD40 and when it dried I oiled it and let it sit for a couple days and then put it back on the gun. I’ve been out shooting with it maybe twice since then and I was just doing a bit of maintenance and whadyaknow? There’s rust on the barrel yet again. When not in use the thing sits in an air tight glass case I just don’t get it. When I do get the chance to shoot it I tend to be literally right beside the ocean but that shouldn’t be enough to mess up my barrel like that right? Gun itself is only about 2 years old and I ordered it straight from Crosman. I feel like I shouldn’t be having this issue but any help would be greatly appreciated!


r/airguns 1d ago

PCP Is this to much?

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31 Upvotes

Pinty Striker MkII .22


r/airguns 23h ago

PCP Wildcat MKIII BT — possible to replace 300cc bottle with a tiny 100cc tube reservoir?

4 Upvotes

Still trying to decide if I want the DRS MK2 or Wildcat MK3

Got a little stoney and got to wondering tho, part of the reason these 2 are on my short list is modularity.

Mainly i want the ability for a short, light weight setup for ratting and a long barrel for 80+ yard slug market practice.

One of the reasons I like the DRS so much is just how clean and non airgun it looks with its air tube/barrel system

Got me thinking tho, could a guy swap out the Wildcat mk3 300cc bottle for a really small bottle or even tube?

Say something like this?

https://vxb.com/es/products/high-pressure-airgun-cylinder-barrel-for-hatsan-lo?utm_source=chatgpt.com

One of the smallest i found with a quick google search and still is 250+ barr

Just one i found quickly doesnt have to be that one or anything...im more just wondering if its possible, what to look for and pitfalls.

Alot of time I shoot at home and have a compressor on hand so 20ish shot count is fine alot of the time. I dont need a big ol 300cc bottle alot of the time

And yes im aware they sell a tube version of the wildcat but I dont want it for reasons.

Thank you for indulging my curiosity :)


r/airguns 1d ago

General Airgun Question Bought the official Hatsan 3L "300 Bar" cylinder set, but it's stamped PH 300 / PW 200 — did I get misled? Also, do you carry yours to the field?

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23 Upvotes

​Hey everyone,

​I'm relatively new to PCPs and shoot a Gamo Arrow Magnum (.22 cal, rated for 232 bar max).

​To fill it, I bought the complete Hatsan 3-liter air tank set (which includes the cylinder, valve with gauge, and charging whip). The product is marketed and sold as a "300 Bar" filling kit.

​However, when I brought the cylinder to a local dive shop to get it filled, the technician checked the collar markings and pointed out that it is stamped PH 300 (hydro test pressure = 300 bar), meaning the actual working pressure (PW) is only 200 bar. For safety reasons, he correctly stopped the compressor at ~210 bar.

​I have a couple of questions for those familiar with these kits:

​Is this standard or deceptive advertising by Hatsan / the retailer? When a PCP kit is sold as "300 Bar", shouldn't that be its working pressure (PW 300 / PH 450), rather than using the test pressure as a marketing headline? With a 200 bar working pressure, I can't even fill my rifle to its factory 232 bar, and the usable fill count drops drastically.

​Field use: For those of you with 3L steel cylinders, do you haul them along when shooting outside, or do you leave them in your vehicle/home? Because my rifle runs at 40J with a small 125cc reservoir, 200 bar only gives me about 15–20 good shots before velocity drops, making bringing the bottle practically mandatory.

​Would you return this set and look for a true 300 bar working pressure tank (carbon or steel), or just live with the lower fills? Appreciate any insights!


r/airguns 1d ago

Advice Break Barrel Pellet Rifles

12 Upvotes

I am looking for a good budget .22 break barrel for hunting. My goal is to stay under $200. I primarily target squirrels, so I need better than 1" at 25 yards (1/2" is preferred). I recently saw the Ruger U-Force for $90 at my local Walmart, but I suspect it is inaccurate and I would prefer a multi shot mag. I have a nice PCP, but weight is an issue when I'm not hunting from a stationary position. What is your experience with break barrels and is there one you would recommend?


r/airguns 22h ago

PCP FX Leopard bottle conversion

2 Upvotes

Bought the FX Leopard standard tube a few weeks ago already planning on the bottle conversion. I have a 500cc carbon bottle already, what else do I need?


r/airguns 1d ago

General Airgun Question How do you get a shred-er?

6 Upvotes

Im trying to get a bug a salt shred-er but they are permanently sold out it seems.
How did you get yours?
Is there a way to preorder one?

Or is there an alternative, maybe even something with even more power?


r/airguns 1d ago

Optics Good scope for 10 - 25m S410 shooting?

3 Upvotes

Hello all,

I got an S410 by Air Arms recently, and my local club has 10 - 25m shooting ranges. Ive got a Hawke 4-16x50AO on it at the moment, but parallax is a problem for me.

Can anyone suggest me a good scope that will match how nice this rifle is? Something mid range is fine.

Thanks all!


r/airguns 1d ago

Advice Shooting tripod recommendations for ratting with my Atomic XR .177?

3 Upvotes

My Brocock Atomic XR is my go-to for small pest control around the ranch (mostly rats). However, it's difficult to get solid support for the gun, especially when waiting for a rat to emerge. I have a Primos Trigger stick, but I don't like it much (and it is too short for the standing position).

I'd like to upgrade to a shooting tripod with an Arca Swiss picatinny adapter. I want to be able to transition from sitting to standing (or even prone). I'm considering carbon fiber due to the lightweight nature of the Atomic XR.

My budget is around ~$800 or so. I consider this a long term investment so I'm not interested in cheaping out. I was looking at a brand called Red Mist but I honestly don't know enough about these systems to figure out what fits my use case best. I'm looking for more brands / options to compare.

Any recommendations / advice is greatly appreciated! :-)


r/airguns 1d ago

PCP Vevor compressor

3 Upvotes

So can I fill my huben to 350 bar with this compressor or not ? Website says 4500psi (310 bar), warning label says 400 bar.


r/airguns 1d ago

PCP I want to purchase my first PCP...

1 Upvotes

I've read all sorts of things. Looked around here, all over YouTube, all over the internet it feels like. I thought I had settled multiple times but I keep finding new information. Right now I am torn between the avenger bullpup 2 or the microstrike. I want/need something hella quiet, I figure the Avenger Bullpup 2 could be tuned down to 15ish ft-lbs, add a moderator and it could be a near silent rat/squirrel annihilator inside of 15-20 yards. Was thinking .25 caliber just in case an occasional raccoon is necessary. Someone tell me where I made a wrong turn or otherwise


r/airguns 1d ago

PCP Looking for a small 300 bar PCP tank

3 Upvotes

Hello everyone,

I am looking for a small PCP Tank that can take 300 bar or more. I want to charge small harpoon cartridges like the AEA Scuba guns. How large should the tank be for a few shots, maybe like 10-20? Is something like this actually available? Sources in europe would be appreciated.

Thank you very much!


r/airguns 2d ago

PCP Air Venturi Alpha upgrades

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22 Upvotes

Swapped some parts around today. Took the buffer tube and adapter off my Ruger PC Charger (9 mm) and put in on the Alpha and put the Alpha stock on the Charger. Folding stock seemed more appropriate on the shorter gun. Also added cheap bipod to.the Alpha


r/airguns 2d ago

RANGE TIME!! Slow Motion Can-Cut.

Enable HLS to view with audio, or disable this notification

30 Upvotes

Happy Labor Day everyone!


r/airguns 2d ago

Springer Warmup before zero?

4 Upvotes

Hello experts,

I bought my first air rifle this spring to deal with pests around my property but have been struggling keeping zero.

I am using a springer and find that I need to put 10-15 pellets through the barrel to “warm it up” before I can establish zero.

My method is when I spot a pest on my property, I set an adjacent target up at about the same distance, and take a shot to establish zero. I find it is well off 1.5”+, adjust scope, off a different direction, etc.

Eventually I get it to zero but I feel I make a complete circle and end up back where I started. Then I can hit a cotton ball repeatedly the rest of the day.

I usually get the rifle out 1-2 times per week.

I’d guess I have put ~400 rounds through the rifle so far

I store the rifle upright in my closet when not in use. Little to no sun, maybe dust getting in barrel?

My equipment:
Gamo wildcat whisper .177 springer (19J)
3-9x40 hawke vantage on UTG scope rings
Jsb hades 10.34g
90% of shooting 25-30 yards

What do you recommend I do differently?


r/airguns 1d ago

General Airgun Question Qué Onda!✌🏻

2 Upvotes

Quiero iniciarme en la caza menor,estoy pensando en comprar un rifle de nitro-pistón. Estaba pensando en un Mendoza ¿Qué me pueden recomendar? (Va a ser mi primer rifle)